170 lines
8.8 KiB
Markdown
170 lines
8.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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stage: Deploy
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group: Environments
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info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
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---
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# Requirements for Auto DevOps **(FREE)**
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Before enabling [Auto DevOps](index.md), we recommend you to prepare it for
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deployment. If you don't, you can use it to build and test your apps, and
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then configure the deployment later.
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To prepare the deployment:
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1. Define the [deployment strategy](#auto-devops-deployment-strategy).
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1. Prepare the [base domain](#auto-devops-base-domain).
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1. Define where you want to deploy it:
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1. [Kubernetes](#auto-devops-requirements-for-kubernetes).
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1. [Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS)](cloud_deployments/auto_devops_with_ecs.md).
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1. [Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS)](https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2020/05/05/deploying-application-eks/).
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1. [Amazon EC2](cloud_deployments/auto_devops_with_ec2.md).
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1. [Google Kubernetes Engine](cloud_deployments/auto_devops_with_gke.md).
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1. [Bare metal](#auto-devops-requirements-for-bare-metal).
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1. [Enable Auto DevOps](index.md#enable-or-disable-auto-devops).
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## Auto DevOps deployment strategy
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> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/-/issues/38542) in GitLab 11.0.
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When using Auto DevOps to deploy your applications, choose the
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[continuous deployment strategy](../../ci/introduction/index.md)
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that works best for your needs:
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| Deployment strategy | Setup | Methodology |
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|--|--|--|
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| **Continuous deployment to production** | Enables [Auto Deploy](stages.md#auto-deploy) with the default branch continuously deployed to production. | Continuous deployment to production.|
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| **Continuous deployment to production using timed incremental rollout** | Sets the [`INCREMENTAL_ROLLOUT_MODE`](cicd_variables.md#timed-incremental-rollout-to-production) variable to `timed`. | Continuously deploy to production with a 5 minutes delay between rollouts. |
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| **Automatic deployment to staging, manual deployment to production** | Sets [`STAGING_ENABLED`](cicd_variables.md#deploy-policy-for-staging-and-production-environments) to `1` and [`INCREMENTAL_ROLLOUT_MODE`](cicd_variables.md#incremental-rollout-to-production) to `manual`. | The default branch is continuously deployed to staging and continuously delivered to production. |
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You can choose the deployment method when enabling Auto DevOps or later:
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1. In GitLab, on the top bar, select **Main menu > Projects** and find your project.
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1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > CI/CD**.
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1. Expand **Auto DevOps**.
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1. Choose the deployment strategy.
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1. Select **Save changes**.
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NOTE:
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Use the [blue-green deployment](../../ci/environments/incremental_rollouts.md#blue-green-deployment) technique
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to minimize downtime and risk.
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## Auto DevOps base domain
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The Auto DevOps base domain is required to use
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[Auto Review Apps](stages.md#auto-review-apps), [Auto Deploy](stages.md#auto-deploy), and
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[Auto Monitoring](stages.md#auto-monitoring).
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To define the base domain, either:
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- In the project, group, or instance level: go to your cluster settings and add it there.
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- In the project or group level: add it as an environment variable: `KUBE_INGRESS_BASE_DOMAIN`.
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- In the instance level: go to **Main menu > Admin > Settings > CI/CD > Continuous Integration and Delivery** and add it there.
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The base domain variable `KUBE_INGRESS_BASE_DOMAIN` follows the same order of
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[precedence as other environment variables](../../ci/variables/index.md#cicd-variable-precedence).
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If you don't specify the base domain in your projects and groups, Auto DevOps uses the instance-wide **Auto DevOps domain**.
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Auto DevOps requires a wildcard DNS `A` record that matches the base domains. For
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a base domain of `example.com`, you'd need a DNS entry like:
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```plaintext
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*.example.com 3600 A 1.2.3.4
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```
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In this case, the deployed applications are served from `example.com`, and `1.2.3.4`
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is the IP address of your load balancer, generally NGINX ([see requirements](requirements.md)).
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Setting up the DNS record is beyond the scope of this document; check with your
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DNS provider for information.
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Alternatively, you can use free public services like [nip.io](https://nip.io)
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which provide automatic wildcard DNS without any configuration. For [nip.io](https://nip.io),
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set the Auto DevOps base domain to `1.2.3.4.nip.io`.
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After completing setup, all requests hit the load balancer, which routes requests
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to the Kubernetes pods running your application.
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## Auto DevOps requirements for Kubernetes
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To make full use of Auto DevOps with Kubernetes, you need:
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- **Kubernetes** (for [Auto Review Apps](stages.md#auto-review-apps),
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[Auto Deploy](stages.md#auto-deploy), and [Auto Monitoring](stages.md#auto-monitoring))
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To enable deployments, you need:
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1. A [Kubernetes 1.12+ cluster](../../user/infrastructure/clusters/index.md) for your
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project.
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For Kubernetes 1.16+ clusters, you must perform additional configuration for
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[Auto Deploy for Kubernetes 1.16+](stages.md#kubernetes-116).
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1. For external HTTP traffic, an Ingress controller is required. For regular
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deployments, any Ingress controller should work, but as of GitLab 14.0,
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[canary deployments](../../user/project/canary_deployments.md) require
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NGINX Ingress. You can deploy the NGINX Ingress controller to your
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Kubernetes cluster either through the GitLab [Cluster management project template](../../user/clusters/management_project_template.md)
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or manually by using the [`ingress-nginx`](https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/tree/master/charts/ingress-nginx)
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Helm chart.
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When deploying [using custom charts](customize.md#custom-helm-chart), you must
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[annotate](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/annotations/)
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the Ingress manifest to be scraped by Prometheus using
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`prometheus.io/scrape: "true"` and `prometheus.io/port: "10254"`.
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NOTE:
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If your cluster is installed on bare metal, see
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[Auto DevOps Requirements for bare metal](#auto-devops-requirements-for-bare-metal).
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- **Base domain** (for [Auto Review Apps](stages.md#auto-review-apps),
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[Auto Deploy](stages.md#auto-deploy), and [Auto Monitoring](stages.md#auto-monitoring))
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You must [specify the Auto DevOps base domain](#auto-devops-base-domain),
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which all of your Auto DevOps applications use. This domain must be configured
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with wildcard DNS.
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- **GitLab Runner** (for all stages)
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Your runner must be configured to run Docker, usually with either the
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[Docker](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html)
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or [Kubernetes](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/kubernetes.html) executors, with
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[privileged mode enabled](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html#use-docker-in-docker-with-privileged-mode).
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The runners don't need to be installed in the Kubernetes cluster, but the
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Kubernetes executor is easy to use and automatically autoscales.
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You can configure Docker-based runners to autoscale as well, using
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[Docker Machine](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker_machine.html).
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Runners should be registered as [shared runners](../../ci/runners/runners_scope.md#shared-runners)
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for the entire GitLab instance, or [project runners](../../ci/runners/runners_scope.md#project-runners)
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that are assigned to specific projects.
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- **cert-manager** (optional, for TLS/HTTPS)
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To enable HTTPS endpoints for your application, you can [install cert-manager](https://cert-manager.io/docs/installation/supported-releases/),
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a native Kubernetes certificate management controller that helps with issuing
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certificates. Installing cert-manager on your cluster issues a
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[Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/) certificate and ensures the
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certificates are valid and up-to-date.
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If you don't have Kubernetes or Prometheus configured, then
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[Auto Review Apps](stages.md#auto-review-apps),
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[Auto Deploy](stages.md#auto-deploy), and [Auto Monitoring](stages.md#auto-monitoring)
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are skipped.
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After all requirements are met, you can [enable Auto DevOps](index.md#enable-or-disable-auto-devops).
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## Auto DevOps requirements for bare metal
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According to the [Kubernetes Ingress-NGINX docs](https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/deploy/baremetal/):
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> In traditional cloud environments, where network load balancers are available on-demand,
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a single Kubernetes manifest suffices to provide a single point of contact to the NGINX Ingress
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controller to external clients and, indirectly, to any application running inside the cluster.
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Bare-metal environments lack this commodity, requiring a slightly different setup to offer the
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same kind of access to external consumers.
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The docs linked above explain the issue and present possible solutions, for example:
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- Through [MetalLB](https://github.com/metallb/metallb).
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- Through [PorterLB](https://github.com/kubesphere/porterlb).
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