86 lines
4 KiB
Markdown
86 lines
4 KiB
Markdown
# Custom Git Hooks
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> **Note:** Custom Git hooks must be configured on the filesystem of the GitLab
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server. Only GitLab server administrators will be able to complete these tasks.
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Please explore [webhooks] and [CI] as an option if you do not
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have filesystem access. For a user configurable Git hook interface, see
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[Push Rules](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/push_rules/push_rules.html),
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available in GitLab Enterprise Edition.
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Git natively supports hooks that are executed on different actions.
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Examples of server-side git hooks include pre-receive, post-receive, and update.
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See [Git SCM Server-Side Hooks][hooks] for more information about each hook type.
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As of gitlab-shell version 2.2.0 (which requires GitLab 7.5+), GitLab
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administrators can add custom git hooks to any GitLab project.
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## Setup
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Normally, Git hooks are placed in the repository or project's `hooks` directory.
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GitLab creates a symlink from each project's `hooks` directory to the
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gitlab-shell `hooks` directory for ease of maintenance between gitlab-shell
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upgrades. As such, custom hooks are implemented a little differently. Behavior
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is exactly the same once the hook is created, though.
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Follow the steps below to set up a custom hook:
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1. Pick a project that needs a custom Git hook.
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1. On the GitLab server, navigate to the project's repository directory.
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For an installation from source the path is usually
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`/home/git/repositories/<group>/<project>.git`. For Omnibus installs the path is
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usually `/var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories/<group>/<project>.git`.
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1. Create a new directory in this location called `custom_hooks`.
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1. Inside the new `custom_hooks` directory, create a file with a name matching
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the hook type. For a pre-receive hook the file name should be `pre-receive`
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with no extension.
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1. Make the hook file executable and make sure it's owned by git.
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1. Write the code to make the Git hook function as expected. Hooks can be
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in any language. Ensure the 'shebang' at the top properly reflects the language
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type. For example, if the script is in Ruby the shebang will probably be
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`#!/usr/bin/env ruby`.
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That's it! Assuming the hook code is properly implemented the hook will fire
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as appropriate.
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## Chained hooks support
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> [Introduced][93] in GitLab Shell 4.1.0 and GitLab 8.15.
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Hooks can be also placed in `hooks/<hook_name>.d` (global) or
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`custom_hooks/<hook_name>.d` (per project) directories supporting chained
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execution of the hooks.
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To look in a different directory for the global custom hooks (those in
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`hooks/<hook_name.d>`), set `custom_hooks_dir` in gitlab-shell config. For
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Omnibus installations, this can be set in `gitlab.rb`; and in source
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installations, this can be set in `gitlab-shell/config.yml`.
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The hooks are searched and executed in this order:
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1. `<project>.git/hooks/` - symlink to `gitlab-shell/hooks` global dir
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1. `<project>.git/hooks/<hook_name>` - executed by `git` itself, this is `gitlab-shell/hooks/<hook_name>`
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1. `<project>.git/custom_hooks/<hook_name>` - per project hook (this is already existing behavior)
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1. `<project>.git/custom_hooks/<hook_name>.d/*` - per project hooks
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1. `<project>.git/hooks/<hook_name>.d/*` OR `<custom_hooks_dir>/<hook_name.d>/*` - global hooks: all executable files (minus editor backup files)
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Files in `.d` directories need to be executable and not match the backup file
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pattern (`*~`).
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The hooks of the same type are executed in order and execution stops on the
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first script exiting with a non-zero value.
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## Custom error messages
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> [Introduced][5073] in GitLab 8.10.
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If the commit is declined or an error occurs during the Git hook check,
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the STDERR or STDOUT message of the hook will be present in GitLab's UI.
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STDERR takes precedence over STDOUT.
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[CI]: ../ci/README.md
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[hooks]: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Hooks#Server-Side-Hooks
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[webhooks]: ../user/project/integrations/webhooks.md
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[5073]: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/5073
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[93]: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-shell/merge_requests/93
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