1117 lines
39 KiB
Markdown
1117 lines
39 KiB
Markdown
# GitLab Container Registry administration
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> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/-/merge_requests/4040) in GitLab 8.8.
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> - Container Registry manifest `v1` support was added in GitLab 8.9 to support
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> Docker versions earlier than 1.10.
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NOTE: **Note:**
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This document is the administrator's guide. To learn how to use GitLab Container
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Registry, see the [user documentation](../../user/packages/container_registry/index.md).
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With the Container Registry integrated into GitLab, every project can have its
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own space to store its Docker images.
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You can read more about the Docker Registry at
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<https://docs.docker.com/registry/introduction/>.
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## Enable the Container Registry
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**Omnibus GitLab installations**
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If you are using the Omnibus GitLab built in [Let's Encrypt integration](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html#lets-encrypt-integration), as of GitLab 12.5, the Container Registry will be automatically enabled on port 5050 of the default domain.
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If you would like to use a separate domain, all you have to do is configure the domain name under which the Container
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Registry will listen to. Read
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[#container-registry-domain-configuration](#container-registry-domain-configuration)
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and pick one of the two options that fits your case.
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NOTE: **Note:**
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The container registry works under HTTPS by default. Using HTTP is possible
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but not recommended and out of the scope of this document.
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Read the [insecure Registry documentation](https://docs.docker.com/registry/insecure/)
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if you want to implement this.
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**Installations from source**
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If you have installed GitLab from source:
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1. You will have to [install Registry](https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/) by yourself.
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1. After the installation is complete, you will have to configure the Registry's
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settings in `gitlab.yml` in order to enable it.
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1. Use the sample NGINX configuration file that is found under
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[`lib/support/nginx/registry-ssl`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/support/nginx/registry-ssl) and edit it to match the
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`host`, `port` and TLS certs paths.
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The contents of `gitlab.yml` are:
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```yaml
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registry:
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enabled: true
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host: registry.gitlab.example.com
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port: 5005
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api_url: http://localhost:5000/
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key: config/registry.key
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path: shared/registry
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issuer: gitlab-issuer
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```
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where:
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| Parameter | Description |
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| --------- | ----------- |
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| `enabled` | `true` or `false`. Enables the Registry in GitLab. By default this is `false`. |
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| `host` | The host URL under which the Registry will run and the users will be able to use. |
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| `port` | The port under which the external Registry domain will listen on. |
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| `api_url` | The internal API URL under which the Registry is exposed to. It defaults to `http://localhost:5000`. |
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| `key` | The private key location that is a pair of Registry's `rootcertbundle`. Read the [token auth configuration documentation](https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#token). |
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| `path` | This should be the same directory like specified in Registry's `rootdirectory`. Read the [storage configuration documentation](https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#storage). This path needs to be readable by the GitLab user, the web-server user and the Registry user. Read more in [#container-registry-storage-path](#container-registry-storage-path). |
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| `issuer` | This should be the same value as configured in Registry's `issuer`. Read the [token auth configuration documentation](https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#token). |
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NOTE: **Note:**
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A Registry init file is not shipped with GitLab if you install it from source.
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Hence, [restarting GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) will not restart the Registry should
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you modify its settings. Read the upstream documentation on how to achieve that.
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At the **absolute** minimum, make sure your [Registry configuration](https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#auth)
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has `container_registry` as the service and `https://gitlab.example.com/jwt/auth`
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as the realm:
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```yaml
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auth:
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token:
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realm: https://gitlab.example.com/jwt/auth
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service: container_registry
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issuer: gitlab-issuer
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rootcertbundle: /root/certs/certbundle
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```
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CAUTION: **Caution:**
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If `auth` is not set up, users will be able to pull docker images without authentication.
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## Container Registry domain configuration
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There are two ways you can configure the Registry's external domain. Either:
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- [Use the existing GitLab domain](#configure-container-registry-under-an-existing-gitlab-domain) where in that case
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the Registry will have to listen on a port and reuse GitLab's TLS certificate,
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- [Use a completely separate domain](#configure-container-registry-under-its-own-domain) with a new TLS certificate
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for that domain.
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Since the container Registry requires a TLS certificate, in the end it all boils
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down to how easy or pricey it is to get a new one.
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Please take this into consideration before configuring the Container Registry
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for the first time.
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### Configure Container Registry under an existing GitLab domain
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If the Registry is configured to use the existing GitLab domain, you can
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expose the Registry on a port so that you can reuse the existing GitLab TLS
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certificate.
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Assuming that the GitLab domain is `https://gitlab.example.com` and the port the
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Registry is exposed to the outside world is `4567`, here is what you need to set
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in `gitlab.rb` or `gitlab.yml` if you are using Omnibus GitLab or installed
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GitLab from source respectively.
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NOTE: **Note:**
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Be careful to choose a port different than the one that Registry listens to (`5000` by default),
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otherwise you will run into conflicts.
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**Omnibus GitLab installations**
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1. Your `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` should contain the Registry URL as well as the
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path to the existing TLS certificate and key used by GitLab:
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```ruby
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registry_external_url 'https://gitlab.example.com:4567'
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```
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Note how the `registry_external_url` is listening on HTTPS under the
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existing GitLab URL, but on a different port.
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If your TLS certificate is not in `/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.crt`
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and key not in `/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.key` uncomment the lines
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below:
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```ruby
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registry_nginx['ssl_certificate'] = "/path/to/certificate.pem"
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registry_nginx['ssl_certificate_key'] = "/path/to/certificate.key"
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```
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1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure)
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for the changes to take effect.
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1. Validate using:
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```shell
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openssl s_client -showcerts -servername gitlab.example.com -connect gitlab.example.com:443 > cacert.pem
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```
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NOTE: **Note:**
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If your certificate provider provides the CA Bundle certificates, append them to the TLS certificate file.
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**Installations from source**
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1. Open `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`, find the `registry` entry and
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configure it with the following settings:
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```yaml
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registry:
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enabled: true
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host: gitlab.example.com
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port: 4567
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```
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1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) for the changes to take effect.
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1. Make the relevant changes in NGINX as well (domain, port, TLS certificates path).
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Users should now be able to login to the Container Registry with their GitLab
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credentials using:
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```shell
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docker login gitlab.example.com:4567
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```
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### Configure Container Registry under its own domain
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If the Registry is configured to use its own domain, you will need a TLS
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certificate for that specific domain (e.g., `registry.example.com`) or maybe
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a wildcard certificate if hosted under a subdomain of your existing GitLab
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domain (e.g., `registry.gitlab.example.com`).
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NOTE: **Note:**
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As well as manually generated SSL certificates (explained here), certificates automatically
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generated by Let's Encrypt are also [supported in Omnibus installs](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html#host-services).
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Let's assume that you want the container Registry to be accessible at
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`https://registry.gitlab.example.com`.
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**Omnibus GitLab installations**
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1. Place your TLS certificate and key in
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`/etc/gitlab/ssl/registry.gitlab.example.com.crt` and
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`/etc/gitlab/ssl/registry.gitlab.example.com.key` and make sure they have
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correct permissions:
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```shell
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chmod 600 /etc/gitlab/ssl/registry.gitlab.example.com.*
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```
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1. Once the TLS certificate is in place, edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` with:
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```ruby
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registry_external_url 'https://registry.gitlab.example.com'
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```
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Note how the `registry_external_url` is listening on HTTPS.
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1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
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If you have a [wildcard certificate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildcard_certificate), you need to specify the path to the
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certificate in addition to the URL, in this case `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` will
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look like:
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```ruby
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registry_nginx['ssl_certificate'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/certificate.pem"
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registry_nginx['ssl_certificate_key'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/certificate.key"
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```
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**Installations from source**
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1. Open `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`, find the `registry` entry and
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configure it with the following settings:
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```yaml
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registry:
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enabled: true
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host: registry.gitlab.example.com
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```
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1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) for the changes to take effect.
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1. Make the relevant changes in NGINX as well (domain, port, TLS certificates path).
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Users should now be able to login to the Container Registry using their GitLab
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credentials:
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```shell
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docker login registry.gitlab.example.com
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```
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## Disable Container Registry site-wide
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NOTE: **Note:**
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Disabling the Registry in the Rails GitLab application as set by the following
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steps, will not remove any existing Docker images. This is handled by the
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Registry application itself.
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**Omnibus GitLab**
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1. Open `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and set `registry['enable']` to `false`:
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```ruby
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registry['enable'] = false
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```
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1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
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**Installations from source**
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1. Open `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`, find the `registry` entry and
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set `enabled` to `false`:
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```yaml
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registry:
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enabled: false
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```
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1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) for the changes to take effect.
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## Disable Container Registry for new projects site-wide
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If the Container Registry is enabled, then it will be available on all new
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projects. To disable this function and let the owners of a project to enable
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the Container Registry by themselves, follow the steps below.
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**Omnibus GitLab installations**
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1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the following line:
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```ruby
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gitlab_rails['gitlab_default_projects_features_container_registry'] = false
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```
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1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
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**Installations from source**
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1. Open `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`, find the `default_projects_features`
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entry and configure it so that `container_registry` is set to `false`:
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```yaml
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## Default project features settings
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default_projects_features:
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issues: true
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merge_requests: true
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wiki: true
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snippets: false
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builds: true
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container_registry: false
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```
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1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) for the changes to take effect.
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## Container Registry storage path
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NOTE: **Note:**
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For configuring storage in the cloud instead of the filesystem, see the
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[storage driver configuration](#container-registry-storage-driver).
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If you want to store your images on the filesystem, you can change the storage
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path for the Container Registry, follow the steps below.
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This path is accessible to:
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- The user running the Container Registry daemon.
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- The user running GitLab.
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CAUTION: **Warning** You should confirm that all GitLab, Registry and web server users
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have access to this directory.
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**Omnibus GitLab installations**
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The default location where images are stored in Omnibus, is
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`/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared/registry`. To change it:
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1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
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```ruby
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gitlab_rails['registry_path'] = "/path/to/registry/storage"
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```
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1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
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**Installations from source**
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The default location where images are stored in source installations, is
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`/home/git/gitlab/shared/registry`. To change it:
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1. Open `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`, find the `registry` entry and
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change the `path` setting:
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```yaml
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registry:
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path: shared/registry
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```
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1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) for the changes to take effect.
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### Container Registry storage driver
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You can configure the Container Registry to use a different storage backend by
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configuring a different storage driver. By default the GitLab Container Registry
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is configured to use the filesystem driver, which makes use of [storage path](#container-registry-storage-path)
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configuration.
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NOTE: **Note:** Enabling a storage driver other than `filesystem` would mean
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that your Docker client needs to be able to access the storage backend directly.
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In that case, you must use an address that resolves and is accessible outside GitLab server. The Docker client will continue to authenticate via GitLab but data transfer will be direct to and from the storage backend.
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The different supported drivers are:
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| Driver | Description |
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|------------|-------------------------------------|
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| filesystem | Uses a path on the local filesystem |
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| Azure | Microsoft Azure Blob Storage |
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| gcs | Google Cloud Storage |
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| s3 | Amazon Simple Storage Service. Be sure to configure your storage bucket with the correct [S3 Permission Scopes](https://docs.docker.com/registry/storage-drivers/s3/#s3-permission-scopes). |
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| swift | OpenStack Swift Object Storage |
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| oss | Aliyun OSS |
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Read more about the individual driver's config options in the
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[Docker Registry docs](https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#storage).
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CAUTION: **Warning:** GitLab will not backup Docker images that are not stored on the
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filesystem. Remember to enable backups with your object storage provider if
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desired.
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NOTE: **Note:**
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`regionendpoint` is only required when configuring an S3 compatible service such as MinIO. It takes a URL such as `http://127.0.0.1:9000`.
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**Omnibus GitLab installations**
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To configure the `s3` storage driver in Omnibus:
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1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
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```ruby
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registry['storage'] = {
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's3' => {
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'accesskey' => 's3-access-key',
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'secretkey' => 's3-secret-key-for-access-key',
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'bucket' => 'your-s3-bucket',
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'region' => 'your-s3-region',
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'regionendpoint' => 'your-s3-regionendpoint'
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}
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}
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```
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1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
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NOTE: **Note:**
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`your-s3-bucket` should only be the name of a bucket that exists, and can't include subdirectories.
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**Installations from source**
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Configuring the storage driver is done in your registry config YML file created
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when you [deployed your docker registry](https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/).
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`s3` storage driver example:
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```yaml
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storage:
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s3:
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accesskey: 's3-access-key'
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secretkey: 's3-secret-key-for-access-key'
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bucket: 'your-s3-bucket'
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region: 'your-s3-region'
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regionendpoint: 'your-s3-regionendpoint'
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cache:
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blobdescriptor: inmemory
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delete:
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enabled: true
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```
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NOTE: **Note:**
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`your-s3-bucket` should only be the name of a bucket that exists, and can't include subdirectories.
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### Storage limitations
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Currently, there is no storage limitation, which means a user can upload an
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infinite amount of Docker images with arbitrary sizes. This setting will be
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configurable in future releases.
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## Change the registry's internal port
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NOTE: **Note:**
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This is not to be confused with the port that GitLab itself uses to expose
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the Registry to the world.
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The Registry server listens on localhost at port `5000` by default,
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which is the address for which the Registry server should accept connections.
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In the examples below we set the Registry's port to `5001`.
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**Omnibus GitLab**
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1. Open `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and set `registry['registry_http_addr']`:
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```ruby
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registry['registry_http_addr'] = "localhost:5001"
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```
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1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
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**Installations from source**
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1. Open the configuration file of your Registry server and edit the
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[`http:addr`](https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#http) value:
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```yaml
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http
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addr: localhost:5001
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```
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1. Save the file and restart the Registry server.
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## Disable Container Registry per project
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If Registry is enabled in your GitLab instance, but you don't need it for your
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project, you can disable it from your project's settings. Read the user guide
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on how to achieve that.
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## Use an external container registry with GitLab as an auth endpoint
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**Omnibus GitLab**
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You can use GitLab as an auth endpoint with an external container registry.
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1. Open `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and set necessary configurations:
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```ruby
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gitlab_rails['registry_enabled'] = true
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gitlab_rails['registry_api_url'] = "http://localhost:5000"
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gitlab_rails['registry_issuer'] = "omnibus-gitlab-issuer"
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```
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NOTE: **Note:**
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`gitlab_rails['registry_enabled'] = true` is needed to enable GitLab's
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Container Registry features and authentication endpoint. GitLab's bundled
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Container Registry service will not be started even with this enabled.
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1. A certificate-key pair is required for GitLab and the external container
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registry to communicate securely. You will need to create a certificate-key
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pair, configuring the external container registry with the public
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certificate and configuring GitLab with the private key. To do that, add
|
|
the following to `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
# registry['internal_key'] should contain the contents of the custom key
|
|
# file. Line breaks in the key file should be marked using `\n` character
|
|
# Example:
|
|
registry['internal_key'] = "---BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY---\nMIIEpQIBAA\n"
|
|
|
|
# Optionally define a custom file for Omnibus GitLab to write the contents
|
|
# of registry['internal_key'] to.
|
|
gitlab_rails['registry_key_path'] = "/custom/path/to/registry-key.key"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
NOTE: **Note:**
|
|
The file specified at `registry_key_path` gets populated with the
|
|
content specified by `internal_key`, each time reconfigure is executed. If
|
|
no file is specified, Omnibus GitLab will default it to
|
|
`/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/etc/gitlab-registry.key` and will populate
|
|
it.
|
|
|
|
1. To change the container registry URL displayed in the GitLab Container
|
|
Registry pages, set the following configurations:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
gitlab_rails['registry_host'] = "registry.gitlab.example.com"
|
|
gitlab_rails['registry_port'] = "5005"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure)
|
|
for the changes to take effect.
|
|
|
|
**Installations from source**
|
|
|
|
1. Open `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`, and edit the configuration settings under `registry`:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
## Container Registry
|
|
|
|
registry:
|
|
enabled: true
|
|
host: "registry.gitlab.example.com"
|
|
port: "5005"
|
|
api_url: "http://localhost:5000"
|
|
path: /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared/registry
|
|
key: /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/certificate.key
|
|
issuer: omnibus-gitlab-issuer
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) for the changes to take effect.
|
|
|
|
## Configure Container Registry notifications
|
|
|
|
You can configure the Container Registry to send webhook notifications in
|
|
response to events happening within the registry.
|
|
|
|
Read more about the Container Registry notifications config options in the
|
|
[Docker Registry notifications documentation](https://docs.docker.com/registry/notifications/).
|
|
|
|
NOTE: **Note:**
|
|
Multiple endpoints can be configured for the Container Registry.
|
|
|
|
**Omnibus GitLab installations**
|
|
|
|
To configure a notification endpoint in Omnibus:
|
|
|
|
1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
registry['notifications'] = [
|
|
{
|
|
'name' => 'test_endpoint',
|
|
'url' => 'https://gitlab.example.com/notify',
|
|
'timeout' => '500ms',
|
|
'threshold' => 5,
|
|
'backoff' => '1s',
|
|
'headers' => {
|
|
"Authorization" => ["AUTHORIZATION_EXAMPLE_TOKEN"]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
|
|
|
|
**Installations from source**
|
|
|
|
Configuring the notification endpoint is done in your registry config YML file created
|
|
when you [deployed your docker registry](https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/).
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
notifications:
|
|
endpoints:
|
|
- name: alistener
|
|
disabled: false
|
|
url: https://my.listener.com/event
|
|
headers: <http.Header>
|
|
timeout: 500
|
|
threshold: 5
|
|
backoff: 1000
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Container Registry garbage collection
|
|
|
|
NOTE: **Note:**
|
|
The garbage collection tools are only available when you've installed GitLab
|
|
via an Omnibus package or the cloud native chart.
|
|
|
|
Container Registry can use considerable amounts of disk space. To clear up
|
|
some unused layers, the registry includes a garbage collect command.
|
|
|
|
GitLab offers a set of APIs to manipulate the Container Registry and aid the process
|
|
of removing unused tags. Currently, this is exposed using the API, but in the future,
|
|
these controls will be migrated to the GitLab interface.
|
|
|
|
Project maintainers can
|
|
[delete Container Registry tags in bulk](../../api/container_registry.md#delete-registry-repository-tags-in-bulk)
|
|
periodically based on their own criteria, however, this alone does not recycle data,
|
|
it only unlinks tags from manifests and image blobs. To recycle the Container
|
|
Registry data in the whole GitLab instance, you can use the built-in command
|
|
provided by `gitlab-ctl`.
|
|
|
|
### Understanding the content-addressable layers
|
|
|
|
Consider the following example, where you first build the image:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
# This builds a image with content of sha256:111111
|
|
docker build -t my.registry.com/my.group/my.project:latest .
|
|
docker push my.registry.com/my.group/my.project:latest
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Now, you do overwrite `:latest` with a new version:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
# This builds a image with content of sha256:222222
|
|
docker build -t my.registry.com/my.group/my.project:latest .
|
|
docker push my.registry.com/my.group/my.project:latest
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Now, the `:latest` tag points to manifest of `sha256:222222`. However, due to
|
|
the architecture of registry, this data is still accessible when pulling the
|
|
image `my.registry.com/my.group/my.project@sha256:111111`, even though it is
|
|
no longer directly accessible via the `:latest` tag.
|
|
|
|
### Recycling unused tags
|
|
|
|
There are a couple of considerations you need to note before running the
|
|
built-in command:
|
|
|
|
- The built-in command will stop the registry before it starts the garbage collection.
|
|
- The garbage collect command takes some time to complete, depending on the
|
|
amount of data that exists.
|
|
- If you changed the location of registry configuration file, you will need to
|
|
specify its path.
|
|
- After the garbage collection is done, the registry should start up automatically.
|
|
|
|
DANGER: **Danger:**
|
|
By running the built-in garbage collection command, it will cause downtime to
|
|
the Container Registry. Running this command on an instance in an HA environment
|
|
while one of your other instances is still writing to the Registry storage,
|
|
will remove referenced manifests. To avoid that, make sure Registry is set to
|
|
[read-only mode](#performing-garbage-collection-without-downtime) before proceeding.
|
|
|
|
If you did not change the default location of the configuration file, run:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
sudo gitlab-ctl registry-garbage-collect
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This command will take some time to complete, depending on the amount of
|
|
layers you have stored.
|
|
|
|
If you changed the location of the Container Registry `config.yml`:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
sudo gitlab-ctl registry-garbage-collect /path/to/config.yml
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You may also [remove all unreferenced manifests](#removing-unused-layers-not-referenced-by-manifests),
|
|
although this is a way more destructive operation, and you should first
|
|
understand the implications.
|
|
|
|
### Removing unused layers not referenced by manifests
|
|
|
|
> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/-/merge_requests/3097) in Omnibus GitLab 11.10.
|
|
|
|
DANGER: **Danger:**
|
|
This is a destructive operation.
|
|
|
|
The GitLab Container Registry follows the same default workflow as Docker Distribution:
|
|
retain all layers, even ones that are unreferenced directly to allow all content
|
|
to be accessed using context addressable identifiers.
|
|
|
|
However, in most workflows, you don't care about old layers if they are not directly
|
|
referenced by the registry tag. The `registry-garbage-collect` command supports the
|
|
`-m` switch to allow you to remove all unreferenced manifests and layers that are
|
|
not directly accessible via `tag`:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
sudo gitlab-ctl registry-garbage-collect -m
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Since this is a way more destructive operation, this behavior is disabled by default.
|
|
You are likely expecting this way of operation, but before doing that, ensure
|
|
that you have backed up all registry data.
|
|
|
|
### Performing garbage collection without downtime
|
|
|
|
You can perform a garbage collection without stopping the Container Registry by setting
|
|
it into a read-only mode and by not using the built-in command. During this time,
|
|
you will be able to pull from the Container Registry, but you will not be able to
|
|
push.
|
|
|
|
NOTE: **Note:**
|
|
By default, the [registry storage path](#container-registry-storage-path)
|
|
is `/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared/registry`.
|
|
|
|
To enable the read-only mode:
|
|
|
|
1. In `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`, specify the read-only mode:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
registry['storage'] = {
|
|
'filesystem' => {
|
|
'rootdirectory' => "<your_registry_storage_path>"
|
|
},
|
|
'maintenance' => {
|
|
'readonly' => {
|
|
'enabled' => true
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save and reconfigure GitLab:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This will set the Container Registry into the read only mode.
|
|
|
|
1. Next, trigger one of the garbage collect commands:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
# Recycling unused tags
|
|
sudo /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/registry garbage-collect /var/opt/gitlab/registry/config.yml
|
|
|
|
# Removing unused layers not referenced by manifests
|
|
sudo /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/registry garbage-collect -m /var/opt/gitlab/registry/config.yml
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This will start the garbage collection, which might take some time to complete.
|
|
|
|
1. Once done, in `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` change it back to read-write mode:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
registry['storage'] = {
|
|
'filesystem' => {
|
|
'rootdirectory' => "<your_registry_storage_path>"
|
|
},
|
|
'maintenance' => {
|
|
'readonly' => {
|
|
'enabled' => false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save and reconfigure GitLab:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Running the garbage collection on schedule
|
|
|
|
Ideally, you want to run the garbage collection of the registry regularly on a
|
|
weekly basis at a time when the registry is not being in-use.
|
|
The simplest way is to add a new crontab job that it will run periodically
|
|
once a week.
|
|
|
|
Create a file under `/etc/cron.d/registry-garbage-collect`:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
SHELL=/bin/sh
|
|
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
|
|
|
|
# Run every Sunday at 04:05am
|
|
5 4 * * 0 root gitlab-ctl registry-garbage-collect
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
Before diving in to the following sections, here's some basic troubleshooting:
|
|
|
|
1. Check to make sure that the system clock on your Docker client and GitLab server have
|
|
been synchronized (e.g. via NTP).
|
|
|
|
1. If you are using an S3-backed Registry, double check that the IAM
|
|
permissions and the S3 credentials (including region) are correct. See [the
|
|
sample IAM policy](https://docs.docker.com/registry/storage-drivers/s3/)
|
|
for more details.
|
|
|
|
1. Check the Registry logs (e.g. `/var/log/gitlab/registry/current`) and the GitLab production logs
|
|
for errors (e.g. `/var/log/gitlab/gitlab-rails/production.log`). You may be able to find clues
|
|
there.
|
|
|
|
### Using self-signed certificates with Container Registry
|
|
|
|
If you're using a self-signed certificate with your Container Registry, you
|
|
might encounter issues during the CI jobs like the following:
|
|
|
|
```plaintext
|
|
Error response from daemon: Get registry.example.com/v1/users/: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The Docker daemon running the command expects a cert signed by a recognized CA,
|
|
thus the error above.
|
|
|
|
While GitLab doesn't support using self-signed certificates with Container
|
|
Registry out of the box, it is possible to make it work by
|
|
[instructing the docker-daemon to trust the self-signed certificates](https://docs.docker.com/registry/insecure/#use-self-signed-certificates),
|
|
mounting the docker-daemon and setting `privileged = false` in the Runner's
|
|
`config.toml`. Setting `privileged = true` takes precedence over the docker-daemon:
|
|
|
|
```toml
|
|
[runners.docker]
|
|
image = "ruby:2.6"
|
|
privileged = false
|
|
volumes = ["/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock", "/cache"]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Additional information about this: [issue 18239](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/issues/18239).
|
|
|
|
### `unauthorized: authentication required` when pushing large images
|
|
|
|
Example error:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
docker push gitlab.example.com/myproject/docs:latest
|
|
The push refers to a repository [gitlab.example.com/myproject/docs]
|
|
630816f32edb: Preparing
|
|
530d5553aec8: Preparing
|
|
...
|
|
4b0bab9ff599: Waiting
|
|
d1c800db26c7: Waiting
|
|
42755cf4ee95: Waiting
|
|
unauthorized: authentication required
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
GitLab has a default token expiration of 5 minutes for the registry. When pushing
|
|
larger images, or images that take longer than 5 minutes to push, users may
|
|
encounter this error.
|
|
|
|
Administrators can increase the token duration in **Admin area > Settings >
|
|
Container Registry > Authorization token duration (minutes)**.
|
|
|
|
### AWS S3 with the GitLab registry error when pushing large images
|
|
|
|
When using AWS S3 with the GitLab registry, an error may occur when pushing
|
|
large images. Look in the Registry log for the following error:
|
|
|
|
```plaintext
|
|
level=error msg="response completed with error" err.code=unknown err.detail="unexpected EOF" err.message="unknown error"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
To resolve the error specify a `chunksize` value in the Registry configuration.
|
|
Start with a value between `25000000` (25MB) and `50000000` (50MB).
|
|
|
|
**For Omnibus installations**
|
|
|
|
1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
registry['storage'] = {
|
|
's3' => {
|
|
'accesskey' => 'AKIAKIAKI',
|
|
'secretkey' => 'secret123',
|
|
'bucket' => 'gitlab-registry-bucket-AKIAKIAKI',
|
|
'chunksize' => 25000000
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
|
|
|
|
**For installations from source**
|
|
|
|
1. Edit `config/gitlab.yml`:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
storage:
|
|
s3:
|
|
accesskey: 'AKIAKIAKI'
|
|
secretkey: 'secret123'
|
|
bucket: 'gitlab-registry-bucket-AKIAKIAKI'
|
|
chunksize: 25000000
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) for the changes to take effect.
|
|
|
|
### Supporting older Docker clients
|
|
|
|
As of GitLab 11.9, we began shipping version 2.7.1 of the Docker container registry, which disables the schema1 manifest by default. If you are still using older Docker clients (1.9 or older), you may experience an error pushing images. See [omnibus-4145](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/issues/4145) for more details.
|
|
|
|
You can add a configuration option for backwards compatibility.
|
|
|
|
**For Omnibus installations**
|
|
|
|
1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
registry['compatibility_schema1_enabled'] = true
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
|
|
|
|
**For installations from source**
|
|
|
|
1. Edit the YML configuration file you created when you [deployed the registry](https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/). Add the following snippet:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
compatibility:
|
|
schema1:
|
|
enabled: true
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Restart the registry for the changes to take affect.
|
|
|
|
### Docker connection error
|
|
|
|
A Docker connection error can occur when there are special characters in either the group,
|
|
project or branch name. Special characters can include:
|
|
|
|
- Leading underscore
|
|
- Trailing hyphen/dash
|
|
- Double hyphen/dash
|
|
|
|
To get around this, you can [change the group path](../../user/group/index.md#changing-a-groups-path),
|
|
[change the project path](../../user/project/settings/index.md#renaming-a-repository) or change the
|
|
branch name. Another option is to create a [push rule](../../push_rules/push_rules.md) to prevent
|
|
this at the instance level.
|
|
|
|
### Image push errors
|
|
|
|
When getting errors or "retrying" loops in an attempt to push an image but `docker login` works fine,
|
|
there is likely an issue with the headers forwarded to the registry by NGINX. The default recommended
|
|
NGINX configurations should handle this, but it might occur in custom setups where the SSL is
|
|
offloaded to a third party reverse proxy.
|
|
|
|
This problem was discussed in a [docker project issue](https://github.com/docker/distribution/issues/970)
|
|
and a simple solution would be to enable relative URLs in the Registry.
|
|
|
|
**For Omnibus installations**
|
|
|
|
1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
registry['env'] = {
|
|
"REGISTRY_HTTP_RELATIVEURLS" => true
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) for the changes to take effect.
|
|
|
|
**For installations from source**
|
|
|
|
1. Edit the YML configuration file you created when you [deployed the registry](https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/). Add the following snippet:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
http:
|
|
relativeurls: true
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source) for the changes to take effect.
|
|
|
|
### Enable the Registry debug server
|
|
|
|
The optional debug server can be enabled by setting the registry debug address
|
|
in your `gitlab.rb` configuration.
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
registry['debug_addr'] = "localhost:5001"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
After adding the setting, [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure) to apply the change.
|
|
|
|
Use curl to request debug output from the debug server:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
curl localhost:5001/debug/health
|
|
curl localhost:5001/debug/vars
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Advanced Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
NOTE: **Note:**
|
|
The following section is only recommended for experts.
|
|
|
|
Sometimes it's not obvious what is wrong, and you may need to dive deeper into
|
|
the communication between the Docker client and the Registry to find out
|
|
what's wrong. We will use a concrete example in the past to illustrate how to
|
|
diagnose a problem with the S3 setup.
|
|
|
|
#### Unexpected 403 error during push
|
|
|
|
A user attempted to enable an S3-backed Registry. The `docker login` step went
|
|
fine. However, when pushing an image, the output showed:
|
|
|
|
```plaintext
|
|
The push refers to a repository [s3-testing.myregistry.com:4567/root/docker-test/docker-image]
|
|
dc5e59c14160: Pushing [==================================================>] 14.85 kB
|
|
03c20c1a019a: Pushing [==================================================>] 2.048 kB
|
|
a08f14ef632e: Pushing [==================================================>] 2.048 kB
|
|
228950524c88: Pushing 2.048 kB
|
|
6a8ecde4cc03: Pushing [==> ] 9.901 MB/205.7 MB
|
|
5f70bf18a086: Pushing 1.024 kB
|
|
737f40e80b7f: Waiting
|
|
82b57dbc5385: Waiting
|
|
19429b698a22: Waiting
|
|
9436069b92a3: Waiting
|
|
error parsing HTTP 403 response body: unexpected end of JSON input: ""
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This error is ambiguous, as it's not clear whether the 403 is coming from the
|
|
GitLab Rails application, the Docker Registry, or something else. In this
|
|
case, since we know that since the login succeeded, we probably need to look
|
|
at the communication between the client and the Registry.
|
|
|
|
The REST API between the Docker client and Registry is [described
|
|
here](https://docs.docker.com/registry/spec/api/). Normally, one would just
|
|
use Wireshark or tcpdump to capture the traffic and see where things went
|
|
wrong. However, since all communications between Docker clients and servers
|
|
are done over HTTPS, it's a bit difficult to decrypt the traffic quickly even
|
|
if you know the private key. What can we do instead?
|
|
|
|
One way would be to disable HTTPS by setting up an [insecure
|
|
Registry](https://docs.docker.com/registry/insecure/). This could introduce a
|
|
security hole and is only recommended for local testing. If you have a
|
|
production system and can't or don't want to do this, there is another way:
|
|
use mitmproxy, which stands for Man-in-the-Middle Proxy.
|
|
|
|
#### mitmproxy
|
|
|
|
[mitmproxy](https://mitmproxy.org/) allows you to place a proxy between your
|
|
client and server to inspect all traffic. One wrinkle is that your system
|
|
needs to trust the mitmproxy SSL certificates for this to work.
|
|
|
|
The following installation instructions assume you are running Ubuntu:
|
|
|
|
1. [Install mitmproxy](https://docs.mitmproxy.org/stable/overview-installation/).
|
|
1. Run `mitmproxy --port 9000` to generate its certificates.
|
|
Enter <kbd>CTRL</kbd>-<kbd>C</kbd> to quit.
|
|
1. Install the certificate from `~/.mitmproxy` to your system:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
sudo cp ~/.mitmproxy/mitmproxy-ca-cert.pem /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/mitmproxy-ca-cert.crt
|
|
sudo update-ca-certificates
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If successful, the output should indicate that a certificate was added:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
Updating certificates in /etc/ssl/certs... 1 added, 0 removed; done.
|
|
Running hooks in /etc/ca-certificates/update.d....done.
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
To verify that the certificates are properly installed, run:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
mitmproxy --port 9000
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This will run mitmproxy on port `9000`. In another window, run:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
curl --proxy http://localhost:9000 https://httpbin.org/status/200
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If everything is set up correctly, you will see information on the mitmproxy window and
|
|
no errors from the curl commands.
|
|
|
|
#### Running the Docker daemon with a proxy
|
|
|
|
For Docker to connect through a proxy, you must start the Docker daemon with the
|
|
proper environment variables. The easiest way is to shutdown Docker (e.g. `sudo initctl stop docker`)
|
|
and then run Docker by hand. As root, run:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
export HTTP_PROXY="http://localhost:9000"
|
|
export HTTPS_PROXY="https://localhost:9000"
|
|
docker daemon --debug
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This will launch the Docker daemon and proxy all connections through mitmproxy.
|
|
|
|
#### Running the Docker client
|
|
|
|
Now that we have mitmproxy and Docker running, we can attempt to login and push
|
|
a container image. You may need to run as root to do this. For example:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
docker login s3-testing.myregistry.com:4567
|
|
docker push s3-testing.myregistry.com:4567/root/docker-test/docker-image
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
In the example above, we see the following trace on the mitmproxy window:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The above image shows:
|
|
|
|
- The initial PUT requests went through fine with a 201 status code.
|
|
- The 201 redirected the client to the S3 bucket.
|
|
- The HEAD request to the AWS bucket reported a 403 Unauthorized.
|
|
|
|
What does this mean? This strongly suggests that the S3 user does not have the right
|
|
[permissions to perform a HEAD request](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_HeadObject.html).
|
|
The solution: check the [IAM permissions again](https://docs.docker.com/registry/storage-drivers/s3/).
|
|
Once the right permissions were set, the error will go away.
|