180 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
180 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
stage: Deploy
|
|
group: Environments
|
|
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
|
|
type: howto, reference
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Deploy boards (deprecated) **(FREE)**
|
|
|
|
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1589) in GitLab 9.0.
|
|
> - [Moved](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/212320) from GitLab Premium to GitLab Free in 13.8.
|
|
> - In GitLab 13.5 and earlier, apps that consist of multiple deployments are shown as
|
|
> duplicates on the deploy board. This is [fixed](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/8463)
|
|
> in GitLab 13.6.
|
|
> - In GitLab 13.11 and earlier, environments in folders do not show deploy boards.
|
|
> This is [fixed](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60525) in
|
|
> GitLab 13.12.
|
|
> - [Deprecated](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/configure/-/epics/8) in GitLab 14.5.
|
|
> - [Disabled on self-managed](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/353410) in GitLab 15.0.
|
|
|
|
WARNING:
|
|
This feature was [deprecated](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/configure/-/epics/8) in GitLab 14.5.
|
|
[An epic exists](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/2493)
|
|
to add this functionality to the [agent](../index.md).
|
|
|
|
FLAG:
|
|
On self-managed GitLab, by default this feature is not available. To make it available, ask an administrator to [enable the feature flag](../../administration/feature_flags.md) named `certificate_based_clusters`.
|
|
|
|
GitLab deploy boards offer a consolidated view of the current health and
|
|
status of each CI [environment](../../ci/environments/index.md) running on [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io), displaying the status
|
|
of the pods in the deployment. Developers and other teammates can view the
|
|
progress and status of a rollout, pod by pod, in the workflow they already use
|
|
without any need to access Kubernetes.
|
|
|
|
NOTE:
|
|
If you have a Kubernetes cluster, you can Auto Deploy applications to production
|
|
environments by using [Auto DevOps](../../topics/autodevops/index.md).
|
|
|
|
## Overview
|
|
|
|
With deploy boards you can gain more insight into deploys with benefits such as:
|
|
|
|
- Following a deploy from the start, not just when it's done
|
|
- Watching the rollout of a build across multiple servers
|
|
- Finer state detail (Succeeded, Running, Failed, Pending, Unknown)
|
|
- See [Canary Deployments](canary_deployments.md)
|
|
|
|
Here's an example of a deploy board of the production environment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The squares represent pods in your Kubernetes cluster that are associated with
|
|
the given environment. Hovering above each square you can see the state of a
|
|
deploy rolling out. The percentage is the percent of the pods that are updated
|
|
to the latest release.
|
|
|
|
Since deploy boards are tightly coupled with Kubernetes, there is some required
|
|
knowledge. In particular, you should be familiar with:
|
|
|
|
- [Kubernetes pods](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/)
|
|
- [Kubernetes labels](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/)
|
|
- [Kubernetes namespaces](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/namespaces/)
|
|
- [Kubernetes canary deployments](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/manage-deployment/#canary-deployments)
|
|
|
|
## Use cases
|
|
|
|
Since the deploy board is a visual representation of the Kubernetes pods for a
|
|
specific environment, there are a lot of use cases. To name a few:
|
|
|
|
- You want to promote what's running in staging, to production. You go to the
|
|
environments list, verify that what's running in staging is what you think is
|
|
running, then select the [manual job](../../ci/jobs/job_control.md#create-a-job-that-must-be-run-manually) to deploy to production.
|
|
- You trigger a deploy, and you have many containers to upgrade so you know
|
|
this takes a while (you've also throttled your deploy to only take down X
|
|
containers at a time). But you need to tell someone when it's deployed, so you
|
|
go to the environments list, look at the production environment to see what
|
|
the progress is in real-time as each pod is rolled.
|
|
- You get a report that something is weird in production, so you look at the
|
|
production environment to see what is running, and if a deploy is ongoing or
|
|
stuck or failed.
|
|
- You've got an MR that looks good, but you want to run it on staging because
|
|
staging is set up in some way closer to production. You go to the environment
|
|
list, find the [Review App](../../ci/review_apps/index.md) you're interested in, and select the
|
|
manual action to deploy it to staging.
|
|
|
|
## Enabling deploy boards
|
|
|
|
To display the deploy boards for a specific [environment](../../ci/environments/index.md) you should:
|
|
|
|
1. Have [defined an environment](../../ci/environments/index.md) with a deploy stage.
|
|
|
|
1. Have a Kubernetes cluster up and running.
|
|
|
|
NOTE:
|
|
If you're using OpenShift, ensure that you're using the `Deployment` resource
|
|
instead of `DeploymentConfiguration`. Otherwise, the deploy boards don't render
|
|
correctly. For more information, read the
|
|
[OpenShift docs](https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/3.7/dev_guide/deployments/kubernetes_deployments.html#kubernetes-deployments-vs-deployment-configurations)
|
|
and [GitLab issue #4584](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/4584).
|
|
|
|
1. [Configure GitLab Runner](../../ci/runners/index.md) with the [`docker`](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html) or
|
|
[`kubernetes`](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/kubernetes.html) executor.
|
|
1. Configure the [Kubernetes integration](../infrastructure/clusters/index.md) in your project for the
|
|
cluster. The Kubernetes namespace is of particular note as you need it
|
|
for your deployment scripts (exposed by the `KUBE_NAMESPACE` deployment variable).
|
|
1. Ensure Kubernetes annotations of `app.gitlab.com/env: $CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG`
|
|
and `app.gitlab.com/app: $CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG` are applied to the
|
|
deployments, replica sets, and pods, where `$CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG` and
|
|
`$CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG` are the values of the CI/CD variables. This is so we can
|
|
lookup the proper environment in a cluster/namespace which may have more
|
|
than one. These resources should be contained in the namespace defined in
|
|
the Kubernetes service setting. You can use an [Auto deploy](../../topics/autodevops/stages.md#auto-deploy) `.gitlab-ci.yml`
|
|
template which has predefined stages and commands to use, and automatically
|
|
applies the annotations. Each project must have a unique namespace in
|
|
Kubernetes as well. The image below demonstrates how this is shown inside
|
|
Kubernetes.
|
|
|
|
NOTE:
|
|
Matching based on the Kubernetes `app` label was removed in
|
|
[GitLab 12.1](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/14020).
|
|
To migrate, apply the required annotations (see above) and
|
|
re-deploy your application. If you are using Auto DevOps, this will
|
|
be done automatically and no action is necessary.
|
|
|
|
If you use GCP to manage clusters, you can see the deployment details in GCP itself by navigating to **Workloads > deployment name > Details**:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Once all of the above are set up and the pipeline has run at least once,
|
|
navigate to the environments page under **Deployments > Environments**.
|
|
|
|
Deploy boards are visible by default. You can explicitly select
|
|
the triangle next to their respective environment name to hide them.
|
|
|
|
### Example manifest file
|
|
|
|
The following example is an extract of a Kubernetes manifest deployment file, using the two annotations `app.gitlab.com/env` and `app.gitlab.com/app` to enable the **deploy boards**:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
apiVersion: apps/v1
|
|
kind: Deployment
|
|
metadata:
|
|
name: "APPLICATION_NAME"
|
|
annotations:
|
|
app.gitlab.com/app: ${CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG}
|
|
app.gitlab.com/env: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
|
|
spec:
|
|
replicas: 1
|
|
selector:
|
|
matchLabels:
|
|
app: "APPLICATION_NAME"
|
|
template:
|
|
metadata:
|
|
labels:
|
|
app: "APPLICATION_NAME"
|
|
annotations:
|
|
app.gitlab.com/app: ${CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG}
|
|
app.gitlab.com/env: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The annotations are applied to the deployments, replica sets, and pods. By changing the number of replicas, like `kubectl scale --replicas=3 deploy APPLICATION_NAME -n ${KUBE_NAMESPACE}`, you can follow the instances' pods from the board.
|
|
|
|
NOTE:
|
|
The YAML file is static. If you apply it using `kubectl apply`, you must
|
|
manually provide the project and environment slugs, or create a script to
|
|
replace the variables in the YAML before applying.
|
|
|
|
## Canary Deployments
|
|
|
|
A popular CI strategy, where a small portion of the fleet is updated to the new
|
|
version of your application.
|
|
|
|
[Read more about Canary Deployments.](canary_deployments.md)
|
|
|
|
## Further reading
|
|
|
|
- [GitLab Auto deploy](../../topics/autodevops/stages.md#auto-deploy)
|
|
- [GitLab CI/CD variables](../../ci/variables/index.md)
|
|
- [Environments and deployments](../../ci/environments/index.md)
|
|
- [Kubernetes deploy example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples/kubernetes-deploy)
|