Vinay Keshava 081c1a8e73 New upstream version 15.9.2+ds1

2023-04-23 21:23:45 +05:30

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stage	group	info
Systems	Distribution	To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/ux/technical-writing/#assignments

Installation from source (FREE SELF)

This is the official installation guide to set up a production GitLab server using the source files. To set up a development installation or for many other installation options, see the main installation page. It was created for and tested on Debian/Ubuntu operating systems. Read requirements.md for hardware and operating system requirements. If you want to install on RHEL/CentOS, we recommend using the Omnibus packages.

This guide is long because it covers many cases and includes all commands you need, this is one of the few installation scripts that actually work out of the box. The following steps have been known to work. Use caution when you deviate from this guide. Make sure you don't violate any assumptions GitLab makes about its environment. For example, many people run into permission problems because they changed the location of directories or run services as the wrong user.

If you find a bug/error in this guide, submit a merge request following the contributing guide.

Consider the Omnibus package installation

Because an installation from source is a lot of work and error prone we strongly recommend the fast and reliable Omnibus package installation (deb/rpm).

One reason the Omnibus package is more reliable is its use of runit to restart any of the GitLab processes in case one crashes. On heavily used GitLab instances the memory usage of the Sidekiq background worker grows over time.

Omnibus packages solve this by letting the Sidekiq terminate gracefully if it uses too much memory. After this termination runit detects Sidekiq is not running and starts it. Because installations from source don't use runit for process supervision, Sidekiq can't be terminated and its memory usage grows over time.

Select a version to install

Make sure you view this installation guide from the branch (version) of GitLab you would like to install (for example, 11-7-stable). You can select the branch in the version dropdown list in the upper-left corner of GitLab (below the menu bar).

If the highest number stable branch is unclear, check the GitLab blog for installation guide links by version.

Software requirements

Software	Minimum version	Notes
Ruby	`2.7`	From GitLab 13.6, Ruby 2.7 is required. Ruby 3.0 is not supported yet (see the relevant epic for the current status). You must use the standard MRI implementation of Ruby. We love JRuby and Rubinius, but GitLab needs several Gems that have native extensions.
Go	`1.18`	From GitLab 15.6, Go 1.18 or later is required.
Git	`2.38.x`	From GitLab 15.8, Git 2.38.x and later is required. It's highly recommended that you use the Git version provided by Gitaly.
Node.js	`16.15.0`	From GitLab 15.7, Node.js 16.15.0 or later is required.

GitLab directory structure

This is the main directory structure you end up with following the instructions of this page:

|-- home
|   |-- git
|       |-- .ssh
|       |-- gitlab
|       |-- gitlab-shell
|       |-- repositories

/home/git/.ssh - Contains OpenSSH settings. Specifically, the authorized_keys file managed by GitLab Shell.
/home/git/gitlab - GitLab core software.
/home/git/gitlab-shell - Core add-on component of GitLab. Maintains SSH cloning and other functionality.
/home/git/repositories - Bare repositories for all projects organized by namespace. This is where the Git repositories which are pushed/pulled are maintained for all projects. This area contains critical data for projects. Keep a backup.

The default locations for repositories can be configured in config/gitlab.yml of GitLab and config.yml of GitLab Shell.

For a more in-depth overview, see the GitLab architecture doc.

Overview

The GitLab installation consists of setting up the following components:

Packages and dependencies.
Ruby.
Go.
Node.
System users.
Database.
Redis.
GitLab.
NGINX.

1. Packages and dependencies

sudo

sudo is not installed on Debian by default. Make sure your system is up-to-date and install it.

# run as root!
apt-get update -y
apt-get upgrade -y
apt-get install sudo -y

Build dependencies

Install the required packages (needed to compile Ruby and native extensions to Ruby gems):

sudo apt-get install -y build-essential zlib1g-dev libyaml-dev libssl-dev libgdbm-dev libre2-dev \
  libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev curl openssh-server libxml2-dev libxslt-dev \
  libcurl4-openssl-dev libicu-dev logrotate rsync python3-docutils pkg-config cmake runit-systemd

NOTE: GitLab requires OpenSSL version 1.1. If your Linux distribution includes a different version of OpenSSL, you might have to install 1.1 manually.

If you want to use Kerberos for user authentication, install libkrb5-dev (if you don't know what Kerberos is, you can assume you don't need it):

sudo apt-get install libkrb5-dev

Git

From GitLab 13.6, we recommend you use the Git version provided by Gitaly that:

Is always at the version required by GitLab.
May contain custom patches required for proper operation.

Install the needed dependencies:

sudo apt-get install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev libexpat1-dev gettext libz-dev libssl-dev libpcre2-dev build-essential git-core

Clone the Gitaly repository and compile Git. Replace <X-Y-stable> with the stable branch that matches the GitLab version you want to install. For example, if you want to install GitLab 13.6, use the branch name 13-6-stable:
```
git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly.git -b <X-Y-stable> /tmp/gitaly
cd /tmp/gitaly
sudo make git GIT_PREFIX=/usr/local
```
Optionally, you can remove the system Git and its dependencies:
```
sudo apt remove -y git-core
sudo apt autoremove
```

When editing config/gitlab.yml later, remember to change the Git path:

From:
```
git:
  bin_path: /usr/bin/git
```
To:
```
git:
  bin_path: /usr/local/bin/git
```

GraphicsMagick

For the Custom Favicon to work, GraphicsMagick must be installed.

sudo apt-get install -y graphicsmagick

Mail server

To receive mail notifications, make sure to install a mail server. By default, Debian is shipped with exim4 but this has problems while Ubuntu does not ship with one. The recommended mail server is postfix and you can install it with:

sudo apt-get install -y postfix

Then select 'Internet Site' and press Enter to confirm the hostname.

ExifTool

GitLab Workhorse requires exiftool to remove EXIF data from uploaded images.

sudo apt-get install -y libimage-exiftool-perl

2. Ruby

The Ruby interpreter is required to run GitLab. See the requirements section for the minimum Ruby requirements.

The use of Ruby version managers such as RVM, rbenv or chruby with GitLab in production, frequently leads to hard to diagnose problems. Version managers are not supported and we strongly advise everyone to follow the instructions below to use a system Ruby.

Linux distributions generally have older versions of Ruby available, so these instructions are designed to install Ruby from the official source code.

Download Ruby and compile it:

mkdir /tmp/ruby && cd /tmp/ruby
curl --remote-name --location --progress-bar "https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.7/ruby-2.7.6.tar.gz"
echo 'e7203b0cc09442ed2c08936d483f8ac140ec1c72e37bb5c401646b7866cb5d10 ruby-2.7.6.tar.gz' | sha256sum -c - && tar xzf ruby-2.7.6.tar.gz
cd ruby-2.7.6

./configure --disable-install-rdoc --enable-shared
make
sudo make install

3. Go

GitLab has several daemons written in Go. To install GitLab we need a Go compiler. The instructions below assume you use 64-bit Linux. You can find downloads for other platforms at the Go download page.

# Remove former Go installation folder
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/go

curl --remote-name --location --progress-bar "https://go.dev/dl/go1.18.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
echo '4d854c7bad52d53470cf32f1b287a5c0c441dc6b98306dea27358e099698142a  go1.18.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz' | shasum -a256 -c - && \
  sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.18.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo ln -sf /usr/local/go/bin/{go,gofmt} /usr/local/bin/
rm go1.18.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz

4. Node

GitLab requires the use of Node to compile JavaScript assets, and Yarn to manage JavaScript dependencies. The current minimum requirements for these are:

node 16.x releases (v16.15.0 or later). Other LTS versions of Node.js might be able to build assets, but we only guarantee Node.js 16.x.
yarn = v1.22.x (Yarn 2 is not supported yet)

In many distributions, the versions provided by the official package repositories are out of date, so we must install through the following commands:

# install node v16.x
curl --location "https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x" | sudo bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

npm install --global yarn

Visit the official websites for node and yarn if you have any trouble with these steps.

5. System users

Create a git user for GitLab:

sudo adduser --disabled-login --gecos 'GitLab' git

6. Database

NOTE: In GitLab 12.1 and later, only PostgreSQL is supported. In GitLab 14.0 and later, we require PostgreSQL 12+.

Install the database packages.

For Ubuntu 20.04 and later:

sudo apt install -y postgresql postgresql-client libpq-dev postgresql-contrib

For Ubuntu 18.04 and earlier, the available PostgreSQL doesn't meet the minimum version requirement. You must add PostgreSQL's repository:

wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list'
sudo apt update
sudo apt -y install postgresql-12 postgresql-client-12 libpq-dev

Verify the PostgreSQL version you have is supported by the version of GitLab you're installing:
```
psql --version
```
Start the PostgreSQL service and confirm that the service is running:
```
sudo service postgresql start
sudo service postgresql status
```

Create a database user for GitLab:

sudo -u postgres psql -d template1 -c "CREATE USER git CREATEDB;"

Create the pg_trgm extension:

sudo -u postgres psql -d template1 -c "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_trgm;"

Create the btree_gist extension (required for GitLab 13.1+):

sudo -u postgres psql -d template1 -c "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS btree_gist;"

Create the plpgsql extension:

sudo -u postgres psql -d template1 -c "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS plpgsql;"

Create the GitLab production database and grant all privileges on the database:

sudo -u postgres psql -d template1 -c "CREATE DATABASE gitlabhq_production OWNER git;"

Try connecting to the new database with the new user:
```
sudo -u git -H psql -d gitlabhq_production
```

Check if the pg_trgm extension is enabled:

SELECT true AS enabled
FROM pg_available_extensions
WHERE name = 'pg_trgm'
AND installed_version IS NOT NULL;

If the extension is enabled this produces the following output:

enabled
---------
 t
(1 row)

Check if the btree_gist extension is enabled:

SELECT true AS enabled
FROM pg_available_extensions
WHERE name = 'btree_gist'
AND installed_version IS NOT NULL;

If the extension is enabled this produces the following output:

enabled
---------
 t
(1 row)

Check if the plpgsql extension is enabled:

SELECT true AS enabled
FROM pg_available_extensions
WHERE name = 'plpgsql'
AND installed_version IS NOT NULL;

If the extension is enabled this produces the following output:

enabled
---------
 t
(1 row)

Quit the database session:
```
gitlabhq_production> \q
```

7. Redis

See the requirements page for the minimum Redis requirements.

Install Redis with:

sudo apt-get install redis-server

Once done, you can configure Redis:

# Configure redis to use sockets
sudo cp /etc/redis/redis.conf /etc/redis/redis.conf.orig

# Disable Redis listening on TCP by setting 'port' to 0
sudo sed 's/^port .*/port 0/' /etc/redis/redis.conf.orig | sudo tee /etc/redis/redis.conf

# Enable Redis socket for default Debian / Ubuntu path
echo 'unixsocket /var/run/redis/redis.sock' | sudo tee -a /etc/redis/redis.conf

# Grant permission to the socket to all members of the redis group
echo 'unixsocketperm 770' | sudo tee -a /etc/redis/redis.conf

# Add git to the redis group
sudo usermod -aG redis git

Supervise Redis with systemd

If your distribution uses systemd init and the output of the following command is notify, you must not make any changes:

systemctl show --value --property=Type redis-server.service

If the output is not notify, run:

# Configure Redis to not daemonize, but be supervised by systemd instead and disable the pidfile
sudo sed -i \
         -e 's/^daemonize yes$/daemonize no/' \
         -e 's/^supervised no$/supervised systemd/' \
         -e 's/^pidfile/# pidfile/' /etc/redis/redis.conf
sudo chown redis:redis /etc/redis/redis.conf

# Make the same changes to the systemd unit file
sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/redis-server.service.d
sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/redis-server.service.d/10fix_type.conf <<EOF
[Service]
Type=notify
PIDFile=
EOF

# Reload the redis service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

# Activate the changes to redis.conf
sudo systemctl restart redis-server.service

Leave Redis unsupervised

If your system uses SysV init, run these commands:

# Create the directory which contains the socket
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/redis
sudo chown redis:redis /var/run/redis
sudo chmod 755 /var/run/redis

# Persist the directory which contains the socket, if applicable
if [ -d /etc/tmpfiles.d ]; then
  echo 'd  /var/run/redis  0755  redis  redis  10d  -' | sudo tee -a /etc/tmpfiles.d/redis.conf
fi

# Activate the changes to redis.conf
sudo service redis-server restart

8. GitLab

# We'll install GitLab into the home directory of the user "git"
cd /home/git

Clone the Source

Clone Community Edition:

# Clone GitLab repository
sudo -u git -H git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss.git -b <X-Y-stable> gitlab

Clone Enterprise Edition:

# Clone GitLab repository
sudo -u git -H git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab.git -b <X-Y-stable-ee> gitlab

Make sure to replace <X-Y-stable> with the stable branch that matches the version you want to install. For example, if you want to install 11.8 you would use the branch name 11-8-stable.

WARNING: You can change <X-Y-stable> to master if you want the bleeding edge version, but never install master on a production server!

Configure It

# Go to GitLab installation folder
cd /home/git/gitlab

# Copy the example GitLab config
sudo -u git -H cp config/gitlab.yml.example config/gitlab.yml

# Update GitLab config file, follow the directions at top of the file
sudo -u git -H editor config/gitlab.yml

# Copy the example secrets file
sudo -u git -H cp config/secrets.yml.example config/secrets.yml
sudo -u git -H chmod 0600 config/secrets.yml

# Make sure GitLab can write to the log/ and tmp/ directories
sudo chown -R git log/
sudo chown -R git tmp/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX,go-w log/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX tmp/

# Make sure GitLab can write to the tmp/pids/ and tmp/sockets/ directories
sudo chmod -R u+rwX tmp/pids/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX tmp/sockets/

# Create the public/uploads/ directory
sudo -u git -H mkdir -p public/uploads/

# Make sure only the GitLab user has access to the public/uploads/ directory
# now that files in public/uploads are served by gitlab-workhorse
sudo chmod 0700 public/uploads

# Change the permissions of the directory where CI job logs are stored
sudo chmod -R u+rwX builds/

# Change the permissions of the directory where CI artifacts are stored
sudo chmod -R u+rwX shared/artifacts/

# Change the permissions of the directory where GitLab Pages are stored
sudo chmod -R ug+rwX shared/pages/

# Copy the example Puma config
sudo -u git -H cp config/puma.rb.example config/puma.rb

# Refer to https://github.com/puma/puma#configuration for more information.
# You should scale Puma workers and threads based on the number of CPU
# cores you have available. You can get that number via the `nproc` command.
sudo -u git -H editor config/puma.rb

# Configure Redis connection settings
sudo -u git -H cp config/resque.yml.example config/resque.yml
sudo -u git -H cp config/cable.yml.example config/cable.yml

# Change the Redis socket path if you are not using the default Debian / Ubuntu configuration
sudo -u git -H editor config/resque.yml config/cable.yml

Make sure to edit both gitlab.yml and puma.rb to match your setup.

If you want to use HTTPS, see Using HTTPS for the additional steps.

Configure GitLab DB Settings

sudo -u git cp config/database.yml.postgresql config/database.yml

# Remove host, username, and password lines from config/database.yml.
# Once modified, the `production` settings will be as follows:
#
#   production:
#     main:
#       adapter: postgresql
#       encoding: unicode
#       database: gitlabhq_production
#
sudo -u git -H editor config/database.yml

# Remote PostgreSQL only:
# Update username/password in config/database.yml.
# You only need to adapt the production settings (first part).
# If you followed the database guide then please do as follows:
# Change 'secure password' with the value you have given to $password
# You can keep the double quotes around the password
sudo -u git -H editor config/database.yml

# Uncomment the `ci:` sections in config/database.yml.
# Ensure the `database` value in `ci:` matches the database value in `main:`.

# Make config/database.yml readable to git only
sudo -u git -H chmod o-rwx config/database.yml

NOTE: From GitLab 15.9, database.yml with only a section: main: is deprecated. In GitLab 15.10 and later, you should have two sections in your database.yml, main: and ci:. The ci: connection must be to the same database. In GitLab 17.0 and later, you must have the two main: and ci: sections in your database.yml.

Install Gems

NOTE: As of Bundler 1.5.2, you can invoke bundle install -jN (where N is the number of your processor cores) and enjoy parallel gems installation with measurable difference in completion time (~60% faster). Check the number of your cores with nproc. For more information, see this post.

Make sure you have bundle (run bundle -v):

>= 1.5.2, because some issues were fixed in 1.5.2.
< 2.x.

Install the gems (if you want to use Kerberos for user authentication, omit kerberos in the --without option below):

sudo -u git -H bundle config set --local deployment 'true'
sudo -u git -H bundle config set --local without 'development test mysql aws kerberos'
sudo -u git -H bundle config path /home/git/gitlab/vendor/bundle
sudo -u git -H bundle install

Install GitLab Shell

GitLab Shell is an SSH access and repository management software developed specially for GitLab.

# Run the installation task for gitlab-shell:
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:shell:install RAILS_ENV=production

# By default, the gitlab-shell config is generated from your main GitLab config.
# You can review (and modify) the gitlab-shell config as follows:
sudo -u git -H editor /home/git/gitlab-shell/config.yml

If you want to use HTTPS, see Using HTTPS for the additional steps.

Make sure your hostname can be resolved on the machine itself by either a proper DNS record or an additional line in /etc/hosts ("127.0.0.1 hostname"). This might be necessary, for example, if you set up GitLab behind a reverse proxy. If the hostname cannot be resolved, the final installation check fails with Check GitLab API access: FAILED. code: 401 and pushing commits are rejected with [remote rejected] master -> master (hook declined).

Install GitLab Workhorse

GitLab-Workhorse uses GNU Make. The following command-line installs GitLab-Workhorse in /home/git/gitlab-workhorse which is the recommended location.

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake "gitlab:workhorse:install[/home/git/gitlab-workhorse]" RAILS_ENV=production

You can specify a different Git repository by providing it as an extra parameter:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake "gitlab:workhorse:install[/home/git/gitlab-workhorse,https://example.com/gitlab-workhorse.git]" RAILS_ENV=production

Install GitLab-Elasticsearch-indexer on Enterprise Edition (PREMIUM SELF)

GitLab-Elasticsearch-Indexer uses GNU Make. The following command-line installs GitLab-Elasticsearch-Indexer in /home/git/gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer which is the recommended location.

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake "gitlab:indexer:install[/home/git/gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer]" RAILS_ENV=production

You can specify a different Git repository by providing it as an extra parameter:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake "gitlab:indexer:install[/home/git/gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer,https://example.com/gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer.git]" RAILS_ENV=production

The source code first is fetched to the path specified by the first parameter. Then a binary is built under its bin directory. You must then update gitlab.yml's production -> elasticsearch -> indexer_path setting to point to that binary.

Install GitLab Pages

GitLab Pages uses GNU Make. This step is optional and only needed if you wish to host static sites from within GitLab. The following commands install GitLab Pages in /home/git/gitlab-pages. For additional setup steps, consult the administration guide for your version of GitLab as the GitLab Pages daemon can be run several different ways.

cd /home/git
sudo -u git -H git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-pages.git
cd gitlab-pages
sudo -u git -H git checkout v$(</home/git/gitlab/GITLAB_PAGES_VERSION)
sudo -u git -H make

Install Gitaly

# Fetch Gitaly source with Git and compile with Go
cd /home/git/gitlab
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake "gitlab:gitaly:install[/home/git/gitaly,/home/git/repositories]" RAILS_ENV=production

You can specify a different Git repository by providing it as an extra parameter:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake "gitlab:gitaly:install[/home/git/gitaly,/home/git/repositories,https://example.com/gitaly.git]" RAILS_ENV=production

Next, make sure that Gitaly is configured:

# Restrict Gitaly socket access
sudo chmod 0700 /home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets/private
sudo chown git /home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets/private

# If you are using non-default settings, you need to update config.toml
cd /home/git/gitaly
sudo -u git -H editor config.toml

For more information about configuring Gitaly see the Gitaly documentation.

Install the service

GitLab has always supported SysV init scripts, which are widely supported and portable, but now systemd is the standard for service supervision and is used by all major Linux distributions. You should use native systemd services if you can to benefit from automatic restarts, better sandboxing and resource control.

Install systemd units

Use these steps if you use systemd as init. Otherwise, follow the SysV init script steps.

Copy the services and run systemctl daemon-reload so that systemd picks them up:

cd /home/git/gitlab
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/systemd/system
sudo cp lib/support/systemd/* /usr/local/lib/systemd/system/
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

The units provided by GitLab make very little assumptions about where you are running Redis and PostgreSQL.

If you installed GitLab in another directory or as a user other than the default, you must change these values in the units as well.

For example, if you're running Redis and PostgreSQL on the same machine as GitLab, you should:

Edit the Puma service:

sudo systemctl edit gitlab-puma.service

In the editor that opens, add the following and save the file:

[Unit]
Wants=redis-server.service postgresql.service
After=redis-server.service postgresql.service

Edit the Sidekiq service:

sudo systemctl edit gitlab-sidekiq.service

Add the following and save the file:

[Unit]
Wants=redis-server.service postgresql.service
After=redis-server.service postgresql.service

systemctl edit installs drop-in configuration files at /etc/systemd/system/<name of the unit>.d/override.conf, so your local configuration is not overwritten when updating the unit files later. To split up your drop-in configuration files, you can add the above snippets to .conf files under /etc/systemd/system/<name of the unit>.d/.

If you manually made changes to the unit files or added drop-in configuration files (without using systemctl edit), run the following command for them to take effect:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Make GitLab start on boot:

sudo systemctl enable gitlab.target

Install SysV init script

Use these steps if you use the SysV init script. If you use systemd, follow the systemd unit steps.

Download the init script (is /etc/init.d/gitlab):

cd /home/git/gitlab
sudo cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab /etc/init.d/gitlab

And if you are installing with a non-default folder or user, copy and edit the defaults file:

sudo cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab.default.example /etc/default/gitlab

If you installed GitLab in another directory or as a user other than the default, you should change these settings in /etc/default/gitlab. Do not edit /etc/init.d/gitlab as it is changed on upgrade.

Make GitLab start on boot:

sudo update-rc.d gitlab defaults 21
# or if running this on a machine running systemd
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable gitlab.service

Set up Logrotate

sudo cp lib/support/logrotate/gitlab /etc/logrotate.d/gitlab

Start Gitaly

Gitaly must be running for the next section.

To start Gitaly using systemd:

sudo systemctl start gitlab-gitaly.service

To manually start Gitaly for SysV:

gitlab_path=/home/git/gitlab
gitaly_path=/home/git/gitaly

sudo -u git -H sh -c "$gitlab_path/bin/daemon_with_pidfile $gitlab_path/tmp/pids/gitaly.pid \
  $gitaly_path/_build/bin/gitaly $gitaly_path/config.toml >> $gitlab_path/log/gitaly.log 2>&1 &"

Initialize Database and Activate Advanced Features

cd /home/git/gitlab
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production
# Type 'yes' to create the database tables.

# or you can skip the question by adding force=yes
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production force=yes

# When done, you see 'Administrator account created:'

You can set the Administrator/root password and email by supplying them in environmental variables, GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD and GITLAB_ROOT_EMAIL respectively, as seen below. If you don't set the password (and it is set to the default one), wait to expose GitLab to the public internet until the installation is done and you've logged into the server the first time. During the first login, you are forced to change the default password. An Enterprise Edition license may also be installed at this time by supplying a full path in the GITLAB_LICENSE_FILE environment variable.

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD=yourpassword GITLAB_ROOT_EMAIL=youremail GITLAB_LICENSE_FILE="/path/to/license"

Secure `secrets.yml`

The secrets.yml file stores encryption keys for sessions and secure variables. Backup secrets.yml someplace safe, but don't store it in the same place as your database backups. Otherwise, your secrets are exposed if one of your backups is compromised.

Check Application Status

Check if GitLab and its environment are configured correctly:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:env:info RAILS_ENV=production

Compile Assets

sudo -u git -H yarn install --production --pure-lockfile
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:assets:compile RAILS_ENV=production NODE_ENV=production

If rake fails with JavaScript heap out of memory error, try to run it with NODE_OPTIONS set as follows.

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:assets:compile RAILS_ENV=production NODE_ENV=production NODE_OPTIONS="--max_old_space_size=4096"

Start Your GitLab Instance

# For systems running systemd
sudo systemctl start gitlab.target

# For systems running SysV init
sudo service gitlab start

9. NGINX

NGINX is the officially supported web server for GitLab. If you cannot or do not want to use NGINX as your web server, see GitLab recipes.

Installation

sudo apt-get install -y nginx

Site Configuration

Copy the example site configuration:

sudo cp lib/support/nginx/gitlab /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/gitlab

Make sure to edit the configuration file to match your setup. Also, ensure that you match your paths to GitLab, especially if installing for a user other than the git user:

# Change YOUR_SERVER_FQDN to the fully-qualified
# domain name of your host serving GitLab.
#
# Remember to match your paths to GitLab, especially
# if installing for a user other than 'git'.
#
# If using Ubuntu default nginx install:
# either remove the default_server from the listen line
# or else sudo rm -f /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
sudo editor /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab

If you intend to enable GitLab Pages, there is a separate NGINX configuration you need to use. Read all about the needed configuration at the GitLab Pages administration guide.

If you want to use HTTPS, replace the gitlab NGINX configuration with gitlab-ssl. See Using HTTPS for HTTPS configuration details.

For the NGINX to be able to read the GitLab-Workhorse socket, you must make sure, that the www-data user can read the socket, which is owned by the GitLab user. This is achieved, if it is world-readable, for example that it has permissions 0755, which is the default. www-data also must be able to list the parent directories.

Test Configuration

Validate your gitlab or gitlab-ssl NGINX configuration file with the following command:

sudo nginx -t

You should receive syntax is okay and test is successful messages. If you receive error messages, check your gitlab or gitlab-ssl NGINX configuration file for typos, as indicated in the provided error message.

Verify that the installed version is greater than 1.12.1:

nginx -v

If it's lower, you may receive the error below:

nginx: [emerg] unknown "start$temp=[filtered]$rest" variable
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

Restart

# For systems running systemd
sudo systemctl restart nginx.service

# For systems running SysV init
sudo service nginx restart

Post-install

Double-check Application Status

To make sure you didn't miss anything run a more thorough check with:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:check RAILS_ENV=production

If all items are green, congratulations on successfully installing GitLab!

NOTE: Supply the SANITIZE=true environment variable to gitlab:check to omit project names from the output of the check command.

Visit YOUR_SERVER in your web browser for your first GitLab login.

If you didn't provide a root password during setup, you are redirected to a password reset screen to provide the password for the initial administrator account. Enter your desired password and you are redirected back to the login screen.

The default account's username is root. Provide the password you created earlier and login. After login, you can change the username if you wish.

Enjoy!

To start and stop GitLab when using:

systemd units: use sudo systemctl start gitlab.target or sudo systemctl stop gitlab.target.
The SysV init script: use sudo service gitlab start or sudo service gitlab stop.

Install the product documentation

This is an optional step. See how to self-host the product documentation.

Advanced Setup Tips

Relative URL support

See the Relative URL documentation for more information on how to configure GitLab with a relative URL.

Using HTTPS

To use GitLab with HTTPS:

In gitlab.yml:
1. Set the port option in section 1 to 443.
2. Set the https option in section 1 to true.
In the config.yml of GitLab Shell:
1. Set gitlab_url option to the HTTPS endpoint of GitLab (for example, https://git.example.com).
2. Set the certificates using either the ca_file or ca_path option.
Use the gitlab-ssl NGINX example configuration instead of the gitlab configuration.
1. Update YOUR_SERVER_FQDN.
2. Update ssl_certificate and ssl_certificate_key.
3. Review the configuration file and consider applying other security and performance enhancing features.

Using a self-signed certificate is discouraged. If you must use one, follow the standard directions and generate a self-signed SSL certificate:

mkdir -p /etc/nginx/ssl/
cd /etc/nginx/ssl/
sudo openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -x509 -nodes -days 3560 -out gitlab.crt -keyout gitlab.key
sudo chmod o-r gitlab.key

Enable Reply by email

See the "Reply by email" documentation for more information on how to set this up.

LDAP Authentication

You can configure LDAP authentication in config/gitlab.yml. Restart GitLab after editing this file.

Using Custom OmniAuth Providers

See the OmniAuth integration documentation.

Build your projects

GitLab can build your projects. To enable that feature, you need runners to do that for you. See the GitLab Runner section to install it.

Adding your Trusted Proxies

If you are using a reverse proxy on a separate machine, you may want to add the proxy to the trusted proxies list. Otherwise users appear signed in from the proxy's IP address.

You can add trusted proxies in config/gitlab.yml by customizing the trusted_proxies option in section 1. Save the file and reconfigure GitLab for the changes to take effect.

Custom Redis Connection

If you'd like to connect to a Redis server on a non-standard port or a different host, you can configure its connection string via the config/resque.yml file.

# example
production:
  url: redis://redis.example.tld:6379

If you want to connect the Redis server via socket, use the unix: URL scheme and the path to the Redis socket file in the config/resque.yml file.

# example
production:
  url: unix:/path/to/redis/socket

Also, you can use environment variables in the config/resque.yml file:

# example
production:
  url: <%= ENV.fetch('GITLAB_REDIS_URL') %>

Custom SSH Connection

If you are running SSH on a non-standard port, you must change the GitLab user's SSH configuration.

# Add to /home/git/.ssh/config
host localhost          # Give your setup a name (here: override localhost)
    user git            # Your remote git user
    port 2222           # Your port number
    hostname 127.0.0.1; # Your server name or IP

You must also change the corresponding options (for example, ssh_user, ssh_host, admin_uri) in the config/gitlab.yml file.

Additional Markup Styles

Apart from the always supported Markdown style, there are other rich text files that GitLab can display. But you might have to install a dependency to do so. See the github-markup gem README for more information.

Using Sidekiq instead of Sidekiq Cluster

As of GitLab 12.10, Source installations are using bin/sidekiq-cluster for managing Sidekiq processes. Using Sidekiq directly is still supported until 14.0. So if you're experiencing issues:

Edit the system init.d script to remove the SIDEKIQ_WORKERS flag. If you have /etc/default/gitlab, then you should edit it instead.
Restart GitLab.
Create an issue describing the problem.

Prometheus server setup

You can configure the Prometheus server in config/gitlab.yml:

# example
prometheus:
  enabled: true
  server_address: '10.1.2.3:9090'

Troubleshooting

"You appear to have cloned an empty repository."

If you see this message when attempting to clone a repository hosted by GitLab, this is likely due to an outdated NGINX or Apache configuration, or a missing or misconfigured GitLab Workhorse instance. Double-check that you've installed Go, installed GitLab Workhorse, and correctly configured NGINX.

`google-protobuf` "LoadError: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6: version 'GLIBC_2.14' not found"

This can happen on some platforms for some versions of the google-protobuf gem. The workaround is to install a source-only version of this gem.

First, you must find the exact version of google-protobuf that your GitLab installation requires:

cd /home/git/gitlab

# Only one of the following two commands will print something. It
# will look like: * google-protobuf (3.2.0)
bundle list | grep google-protobuf
bundle check | grep google-protobuf

Below, 3.2.0 is used as an example. Replace it with the version number you found above:

cd /home/git/gitlab
sudo -u git -H gem install google-protobuf --version 3.2.0 --platform ruby

Finally, you can test whether google-protobuf loads correctly. The following should print 'OK'.

sudo -u git -H bundle exec ruby -rgoogle/protobuf -e 'puts :OK'

If the gem install command fails, you may need to install the developer tools of your OS.

On Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libgmp-dev

On RedHat/CentOS:

sudo yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'

Error compiling GitLab assets

While compiling assets, you may receive the following error message:

Killed
error Command failed with exit code 137.

This can occur when Yarn kills a container that runs out of memory. To fix this:

Increase your system's memory to at least 8 GB.

Run this command to clean the assets:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:assets:clean RAILS_ENV=production NODE_ENV=production

Run the yarn command again to resolve any conflicts:

sudo -u git -H yarn install --production --pure-lockfile

Recompile the assets:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:assets:compile RAILS_ENV=production NODE_ENV=production

43 KiB Raw Blame History

Installation from source (FREE SELF)

Consider the Omnibus package installation

Select a version to install

Software requirements

GitLab directory structure

Overview

1. Packages and dependencies

sudo

Build dependencies

Git

GraphicsMagick

Mail server

ExifTool

2. Ruby

3. Go

4. Node

5. System users

6. Database

7. Redis

Supervise Redis with systemd

Leave Redis unsupervised

8. GitLab

Clone the Source

Configure It

Configure GitLab DB Settings

Install Gems

Install GitLab Shell

Install GitLab Workhorse

Install GitLab-Elasticsearch-indexer on Enterprise Edition (PREMIUM SELF)

Install GitLab Pages

Install Gitaly

Install the service

Install systemd units

Install SysV init script

Set up Logrotate

Start Gitaly

Initialize Database and Activate Advanced Features

Secure secrets.yml

Check Application Status

Compile Assets

Start Your GitLab Instance

9. NGINX

Installation

Site Configuration

Test Configuration

Restart

Post-install

Double-check Application Status

Initial Login

Install the product documentation

Advanced Setup Tips

Relative URL support

Using HTTPS

Enable Reply by email

LDAP Authentication

Using Custom OmniAuth Providers

Build your projects

Adding your Trusted Proxies

Custom Redis Connection

Custom SSH Connection

Additional Markup Styles

Using Sidekiq instead of Sidekiq Cluster

Prometheus server setup

Troubleshooting

"You appear to have cloned an empty repository."

google-protobuf "LoadError: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6: version 'GLIBC_2.14' not found"

Error compiling GitLab assets

43 KiB

Raw Blame History

Secure `secrets.yml`

`google-protobuf` "LoadError: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6: version 'GLIBC_2.14' not found"