--- stage: Configure group: Configure info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments --- # GitLab Kubernetes Agent **(PREMIUM SELF)** > - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/223061) in [GitLab Premium](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/) 13.4. > - It's disabled on GitLab.com. Rolling this feature out to GitLab.com is [planned](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/3834). WARNING: This feature might not be available to you. Check the **version history** note above for details. The [GitLab Kubernetes Agent](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cluster-integration/gitlab-agent) is an active in-cluster component for solving GitLab and Kubernetes integration tasks in a secure and cloud-native way. It enables: - Integrating GitLab with a Kubernetes cluster behind a firewall or NAT (network address translation). - Pull-based GitOps deployments by leveraging the [GitOps Engine](https://github.com/argoproj/gitops-engine). - Real-time access to API endpoints in a cluster. Many more features are planned. Please review [our roadmap](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/3329) and [our development documentation](../../../development/agent/index.md). ## GitLab Agent GitOps workflow The GitLab Agent uses multiple GitLab projects to provide a flexible workflow that can suit various needs. This diagram shows these repositories and the main actors involved in a deployment: ```mermaid sequenceDiagram participant D as Developer participant A as Application code repository participant M as Manifest repository participant K as Kubernetes agent participant C as Agent configuration repository K->C: Grab the configuration D->>+A: Pushing code changes A->>M: Updating manifest loop Regularly K-->>M: Watching changes M-->>K: Pulling and applying changes end ``` There are several components that work in concert for the Agent to accomplish GitOps deployments: - A properly-configured Kubernetes cluster. - A configuration repository that contains a `config.yaml` file, which tells the Agent which repositories to synchronize with. - A manifest repository that contains a `manifest.yaml`, which is tracked by the Agent and can be auto-generated. Any changes to `manifest.yaml` are applied to the cluster. These repositories might be the same GitLab project or separate projects. NOTE: GitLab recommends you use the same GitLab project for the agent configuration and manifest repositories. Our backlog contains issues for adding support for [private manifest repositories outside of the configuration project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/220912) and [group level agents](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/283885). For more details, please refer to our [full architecture documentation](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cluster-integration/gitlab-agent/-/blob/master/doc/architecture.md#high-level-architecture) in the Agent project. ## Get started with GitOps and the GitLab Agent The setup process involves a few steps to enable GitOps deployments: 1. [Install the Agent server](#install-the-kubernetes-agent-server). 1. [Define a configuration repository](#define-a-configuration-repository). 1. [Create an Agent record in GitLab](#create-an-agent-record-in-gitlab). 1. [Generate and copy a Secret token used to connect to the Agent](#create-the-kubernetes-secret). 1. [Install the Agent into the cluster](#install-the-agent-into-the-cluster). 1. [Create a `manifest.yaml`](#create-a-manifestyaml). ### Upgrades and version compatibility As the GitLab Kubernetes Agent is a new product, we are constantly adding new features to it. As a result, while shipped features are production ready, its internal API is neither stable nor versioned yet. For this reason, GitLab only guarantees compatibility between corresponding major.minor (X.Y) versions of GitLab and its cluster side component, `agentk`. Upgrade your agent installations together with GitLab upgrades. To decide which version of `agentk`to install follow: 1. Open the [GITLAB_KAS_VERSION](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/GITLAB_KAS_VERSION) file from the GitLab Repository, which contains the latest `agentk` version associated with the `master` branch. 1. Change the `master` branch and select the Git tag associated with your version. For instance, you could change it to GitLab [v13.5.3-ee release](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/v13.5.3-ee/GITLAB_KAS_VERSION) The available `agentk` and `kas` versions can be found in [the container registry](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cluster-integration/gitlab-agent/container_registry/). ### Install the Kubernetes Agent Server The GitLab Kubernetes Agent Server (KAS) can be deployed using [Omnibus GitLab](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/) or the [GitLab chart](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/charts/gitlab). If you don't already have GitLab installed, please refer to our [installation documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/install/README.html). NOTE: GitLab plans to include the KAS on [GitLab.com](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/3834). #### Install with Omnibus When using the [Omnibus GitLab](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/) package: 1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: ```plaintext gitlab_kas['enable'] = true ``` 1. [Reconfigure GitLab](../../../administration/restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). To configure any additional options related to GitLab Kubernetes Agent Server, refer to the **Enable GitLab KAS** section of the [`gitlab.rb.template`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/-/blob/master/files/gitlab-config-template/gitlab.rb.template). #### Install with the Helm chart When installing or upgrading the GitLab Helm chart, consider the following Helm v3 example. If you're using Helm v2, you must modify this example. See our [notes regarding deploy with Helm](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/installation/deployment.html#deploy-using-helm). You must set `global.kas.enabled=true` for the KAS to be properly installed and configured: ```shell helm repo add gitlab https://charts.gitlab.io/ helm repo update helm upgrade --install gitlab gitlab/gitlab \ --timeout 600s \ --set global.hosts.domain= \ --set global.hosts.externalIP= \ --set certmanager-issuer.email= \ --set global.kas.enabled=true ``` To specify other options related to the KAS sub-chart, create a `gitlab.kas` sub-section of your `values.yaml` file: ```shell gitlab: kas: # put your KAS custom options here ``` For details, read [Using the GitLab-KAS chart](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/charts/gitlab/kas/). ### Define a configuration repository Next, you need a GitLab repository to contain your Agent configuration. The minimal repository layout looks like this: ```plaintext .gitlab/agents//config.yaml ``` Your `config.yaml` file can specify multiple manifest projects in the section `manifest_projects`: ```yaml gitops: manifest_projects: - id: "path-to/your-manifest-project-number1" ... ``` GitLab [versions 13.7 and later](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/259669) also supports manifest projects containing multiple directories (or subdirectories) of YAML files. For more information see our documentation on the [Kubernetes Agent configuration repository](repository.md). ### Create an Agent record in GitLab Next, create an GitLab Rails Agent record so the Agent can associate itself with the configuration repository project. Creating this record also creates a Secret needed to configure the Agent in subsequent steps. You can create an Agent record either: - Through the Rails console: ```ruby project = ::Project.find_by_full_path("path-to/your-configuration-project") # agent-name should be the same as specified above in the config.yaml agent = ::Clusters::Agent.create(name: "", project: project) token = ::Clusters::AgentToken.create(agent: agent) token.token # this will print out the token you need to use on the next step ``` For full details, read [Starting a Rails console session](../../../administration/operations/rails_console.md#starting-a-rails-console-session). - Through GraphQL: **(PREMIUM SELF)** ```graphql mutation createAgent { # agent-name should be the same as specified above in the config.yaml createClusterAgent(input: { projectPath: "path-to/your-configuration-project", name: "" }) { clusterAgent { id name } errors } } mutation createToken { clusterAgentTokenCreate(input: { clusterAgentId: }) { secret # This is the value you need to use on the next step token { createdAt id } errors } } ``` NOTE: GraphQL only displays the token one time after creating it. If you are new to using the GitLab GraphQL API, refer to the [Getting started with the GraphQL API page](../../../api/graphql/getting_started.md), or the [GraphQL Explorer](https://gitlab.com/-/graphql-explorer). ### Create the Kubernetes secret After generating the token, you must apply it to the Kubernetes cluster. 1. If you haven't previously defined or created a namespace, run the following command: ```shell kubectl create namespace ``` 1. Run the following command to create your Secret: ```shell kubectl create secret generic -n gitlab-agent-token --from-literal=token='YOUR_AGENT_TOKEN' ``` ### Install the Agent into the cluster Next, install the in-cluster component of the Agent. This example file contains the Kubernetes resources required for the Agent to be installed. You can modify this example [`resources.yml` file](#example-resourcesyml-file) in the following ways: - Replace `namespace: gitlab-agent` with `namespace: `. - You can configure `kas-address` (Kubernetes Agent Server) in several ways. The agent can use the WebSockets or gRPC protocols to connect to the Agent Server. Select the option appropriate for your cluster configuration and GitLab architecture: - The `wss` scheme (an encrypted WebSockets connection) is specified by default after you install the `gitlab-kas` sub-chart, or enable `gitlab-kas` for Omnibus GitLab. When using the sub-chart, you must set `wss://kas.host.tld:443` as `kas-address`, where `host.tld` is the domain you've setup for your GitLab installation. When using Omnibus GitLab, you must set `wss://GitLab.host.tld:443/-/kubernetes-agent` as `kas-address`, where `GitLab.host.tld` is your GitLab hostname. - When using the sub-chart, specify the `ws` scheme (such as `ws://kas.host.tld:80`) to use an unencrypted WebSockets connection. When using the Omnibus GitLab, specify the `ws` scheme (such as `ws://GitLab.host.tld:80/-/kubernetes-agent`). - Specify the `grpc` scheme if both Agent and Server are installed in one cluster. In this case, you may specify `kas-address` value as `grpc://gitlab-kas.:5005`) to use gRPC directly, where `gitlab-kas` is the name of the service created by `gitlab-kas` chart, and `your-namespace` is the namespace where the chart was installed. Encrypted gRPC is not supported yet. Follow the [Support TLS for gRPC communication issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cluster-integration/gitlab-agent/-/issues/7) for progress updates. - When deploying KAS through the [GitLab chart](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/), it's possible to customize the `kas-address` for `wss` and `ws` schemes to whatever you need. Check the [chart's KAS Ingress documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/charts/charts/gitlab/kas/#ingress) to learn more about it. - In the near future, Omnibus GitLab intends to provision `gitlab-kas` under a sub-domain by default, instead of the `/-/kubernetes-agent` path. Please follow [this issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/-/issues/5784) for details. - If you defined your own secret name, replace `gitlab-agent-token` with your secret name in the `secretName:` section. To apply this file, run the following command: ```shell kubectl apply -n -f ./resources.yml ``` To review your configuration, run the following command: ```shell $ kubectl get pods -n NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE gitlab-agent gitlab-agent-77689f7dcb-5skqk 1/1 Running 0 51s ``` #### Example `resources.yml` file ```yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: gitlab-agent --- apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: gitlab-agent spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: gitlab-agent template: metadata: labels: app: gitlab-agent spec: serviceAccountName: gitlab-agent containers: - name: agent image: "registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cluster-integration/gitlab-agent/agentk:latest" args: - --token-file=/config/token - --kas-address - wss://kas.host.tld:443 # change this line for the one below if using Omnibus GitLab # - wss://gitlab.host.tld:443/-/kubernetes-agent volumeMounts: - name: token-volume mountPath: /config volumes: - name: token-volume secret: secretName: gitlab-agent-token strategy: type: RollingUpdate rollingUpdate: maxSurge: 0 maxUnavailable: 1 --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: name: gitlab-agent-write rules: - resources: - '*' apiGroups: - '*' verbs: - create - update - delete - patch --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: gitlab-agent-write-binding roleRef: name: gitlab-agent-write kind: ClusterRole apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io subjects: - name: gitlab-agent kind: ServiceAccount namespace: gitlab-agent --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: name: gitlab-agent-read rules: - resources: - '*' apiGroups: - '*' verbs: - get - list - watch --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: gitlab-agent-read-binding roleRef: name: gitlab-agent-read kind: ClusterRole apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io subjects: - name: gitlab-agent kind: ServiceAccount namespace: gitlab-agent ``` ### Create a `manifest.yaml` In a previous step, you configured a `config.yaml` to point to the GitLab projects the Agent should synchronize. In each of those projects, you must create a `manifest.yaml` file for the Agent to monitor. You can auto-generate this `manifest.yaml` with a templating engine or other means. The agent is authorized to download manifests for the configuration project, and public projects. Support for other private projects is planned in the issue [Agent authorization for private manifest projects](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/220912). Each time you commit and push a change to this file, the Agent logs the change: ```plaintext 2020-09-15_14:09:04.87946 gitlab-k8s-agent : time="2020-09-15T10:09:04-04:00" level=info msg="Config: new commit" agent_id=1 commit_id=e6a3651f1faa2e928fe6120e254c122451be4eea ``` #### Example `manifest.yaml` file This file creates an NGINX deployment. ```yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: nginx-deployment namespace: gitlab-agent # Can be any namespace managed by you that the agent has access to. spec: selector: matchLabels: app: nginx replicas: 2 template: metadata: labels: app: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:1.14.2 ports: - containerPort: 80 ``` ## Example projects The following example projects can help you get started with the Kubernetes Agent. - [Configuration repository](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/configure/examples/kubernetes-agent) - This basic GitOps example deploys NGINX: [Manifest repository](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/configure/examples/gitops-project) ### Deploying GitLab Runner with the Agent You can use the Kubernetes Agent to [deploy GitLab Runner in a Kubernetes cluster](http://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/kubernetes-agent.html). ## Management interfaces Users with at least the [Developer](../../permissions.md) can access the user interface for the GitLab Kubernetes agent at **Operations > Kubernetes** and selecting the **GitLab Agent managed clusters** tab. This page lists all registered agents for the current project, and the configuration directory for each agent: ![GitLab Kubernetes Agent list UI](../img/kubernetes-agent-ui-list_v13_8.png) Additional management interfaces are planned for the GitLab Kubernetes Agent. [Provide more feedback in the related epic](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/4739). ## Troubleshooting If you face any issues while using GitLab Kubernetes Agent, you can read the service logs with the following commands: - KAS pod logs - Tail these logs with the `kubectl logs -f -l=app=kas -n ` command. In Omnibus GitLab, the logs reside in `/var/log/gitlab/gitlab-kas/`. - Agent pod logs - Tail these logs with the `kubectl logs -f -l=app=gitlab-agent -n ` command. ### KAS logs - GitOps: failed to get project info ```plaintext {"level":"warn","time":"2020-10-30T08:37:26.123Z","msg":"GitOps: failed to get project info","agent_id":4,"project_id":"root/kas-manifest001","error":"error kind: 0; status: 404"} ``` This error is shown if the specified manifest project `root/kas-manifest001` doesn't exist, or if a project is private. To fix it, make sure the project exists and its visibility is [set to public](../../../public_access/public_access.md). ### KAS logs - Configuration file not found ```plaintext time="2020-10-29T04:44:14Z" level=warning msg="Config: failed to fetch" agent_id=2 error="configuration file not found: \".gitlab/agents/test-agent/config.yaml\ ``` This error is shown if the path to the configuration project was specified incorrectly, or if the path to `config.yaml` inside the project is not valid. ### Agent logs - Transport: Error while dialing failed to WebSocket dial ```plaintext {"level":"warn","time":"2020-11-04T10:14:39.368Z","msg":"GetConfiguration failed","error":"rpc error: code = Unavailable desc = connection error: desc = \"transport: Error while dialing failed to WebSocket dial: failed to send handshake request: Get \\\"https://gitlab-kas:443/-/kubernetes-agent\\\": dial tcp: lookup gitlab-kas on 10.60.0.10:53: no such host\""} ``` This error is shown if there are some connectivity issues between the address specified as `kas-address`, and your Agent pod. To fix it, make sure that you specified the `kas-address` correctly. ### Agent logs - ValidationError(Deployment.metadata ```plaintext {"level":"info","time":"2020-10-30T08:56:54.329Z","msg":"Synced","project_id":"root/kas-manifest001","resource_key":"apps/Deployment/kas-test001/nginx-deployment","sync_result":"error validating data: [ValidationError(Deployment.metadata): unknown field \"replicas\" in io.k8s.apimachinery.pkg.apis.meta.v1.ObjectMeta, ValidationError(Deployment.metadata): unknown field \"selector\" in io.k8s.apimachinery.pkg.apis.meta.v1.ObjectMeta, ValidationError(Deployment.metadata): unknown field \"template\" in io.k8s.apimachinery.pkg.apis.meta.v1.ObjectMeta]"} ``` This error is shown if your `manifest.yaml` file is malformed, and Kubernetes can't create specified objects. Make sure that your `manifest.yaml` file is valid. You may try using it to create objects in Kubernetes directly for more troubleshooting. ### Agent logs - Error while dialing failed to WebSocket dial: failed to send handshake request ```plaintext {"level":"warn","time":"2020-10-30T09:50:51.173Z","msg":"GetConfiguration failed","error":"rpc error: code = Unavailable desc = connection error: desc = \"transport: Error while dialing failed to WebSocket dial: failed to send handshake request: Get \\\"https://GitLabhost.tld:443/-/kubernetes-agent\\\": net/http: HTTP/1.x transport connection broken: malformed HTTP response \\\"\\\\x00\\\\x00\\\\x06\\\\x04\\\\x00\\\\x00\\\\x00\\\\x00\\\\x00\\\\x00\\\\x05\\\\x00\\\\x00@\\\\x00\\\"\""} ``` This error is shown if you configured `wss` as `kas-address` on the agent side, but KAS on the server side is not available via `wss`. To fix it, make sure the same schemes are configured on both sides. It's not possible to set the `grpc` scheme due to the issue [It is not possible to configure KAS to work with `grpc` without directly editing GitLab KAS deployment](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/276888). To use `grpc` while the issue is in progress, directly edit the deployment with the `kubectl edit deployment gitlab-kas` command, and change `--listen-websocket=true` to `--listen-websocket=false`. After running that command, you should be able to use `grpc://gitlab-kas.:5005`. ### Agent logs - Decompressor is not installed for grpc-encoding ```plaintext {"level":"warn","time":"2020-11-05T05:25:46.916Z","msg":"GetConfiguration.Recv failed","error":"rpc error: code = Unimplemented desc = grpc: Decompressor is not installed for grpc-encoding \"gzip\""} ``` This error is shown if the version of the agent is newer that the version of KAS. To fix it, make sure that both `agentk` and KAS use the same versions.