info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#designated-technical-writers
- **Trackers** fire Snowplow events. Snowplow has 12 trackers, covering web, mobile, desktop, server, and IoT.
- **Collectors** receive Snowplow events from trackers. We have three different event collectors, synchronizing events either to Amazon S3, Apache Kafka, or Amazon Kinesis.
- **Enrich** cleans up the raw Snowplow events, enriches them and puts them into storage. We have an Hadoop-based enrichment process, and a Kinesis-based or Kafka-based process.
- **Storage** is where the Snowplow events live. We store the Snowplow events in a flat file structure on S3, and in the Redshift and PostgreSQL databases.
- **Data modeling** is where event-level data is joined with other data sets and aggregated into smaller data sets, and business logic is applied. This produces a clean set of tables which make it easier to perform analysis on the data. We have data models for Redshift and Looker.
We have many definitions of Snowplow's schema. We have an active issue to [standardize this schema](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/207930) including the following definitions:
- The instance level, which enables tracking on both the frontend and backend layers.
- User level, though user tracking can be disabled on a per-user basis. GitLab tracking respects the [Do Not Track](https://www.eff.org/issues/do-not-track) standard, so any user who has enabled the Do Not Track option in their browser is not tracked at a user level.
We utilize Snowplow for the majority of our tracking strategy and it is enabled on GitLab.com. On a self-managed instance, Snowplow can be enabled by navigating to:
- **Admin Area > Settings > Integrations** in the UI.
-`admin/application_settings/integrations` in your browser.
GitLab provides `Tracking`, an interface that wraps the [Snowplow JavaScript Tracker](https://github.com/snowplow/snowplow/wiki/javascript-tracker) for tracking custom events. There are a few ways to utilize tracking, but each generally requires at minimum, a `category` and an `action`. Additional data can be provided that adheres to our [Feature instrumentation taxonomy](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-ops/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/#sts=Taxonomy).
| `action` | string | 'generic' | Action the user is taking. Clicks should be `click` and activations should be `activate`, so for example, focusing a form field would be `activate_form_input`, and clicking a button would be `click_button`. |
| `data` | object | {} | Additional data such as `label`, `property`, `value`, and `context` as described [in our Feature Instrumentation taxonomy](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-ops/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/#sts=Taxonomy). |
When working within HAML (or Vue templates) we can add `data-track-*` attributes to elements of interest. All elements that have a `data-track-event` attribute automatically have event tracking bound on clicks.
Event listeners are bound at the document level to handle click events on or within elements with these data attributes. This allows them to be properly handled on re-rendering and changes to the DOM. Note that because of the way these events are bound, click events should not be stopped from propagating up the DOM tree. If for any reason click events are being stopped from propagating, you need to implement your own listeners and follow the instructions in [Tracking in raw JavaScript](#tracking-in-raw-javascript).
| `data-track-event` | true | Action the user is taking. Clicks must be prepended with `click` and activations must be prepended with `activate`. For example, focusing a form field would be `activate_form_input` and clicking a button would be `click_button`. |
| `data-track-label` | false | The `label` as described [in our Feature Instrumentation taxonomy](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-ops/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/#sts=Taxonomy). |
| `data-track-property` | false | The `property` as described [in our Feature Instrumentation taxonomy](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-ops/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/#sts=Taxonomy). |
| `data-track-value` | false | The `value` as described [in our Feature Instrumentation taxonomy](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-ops/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/#sts=Taxonomy). If omitted, this is the element's `value` property or an empty string. For checkboxes, the default value is the element's checked attribute or `false` when unchecked. |
| `data-track-context` | false | The `context` as described [in our Feature Instrumentation taxonomy](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-ops/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/#sts=Taxonomy). |
There's a tracking Vue mixin that can be used in components if more complex tracking is required. To use it, first import the `Tracking` library and request a mixin.
You can provide default options that are passed along whenever an event is tracked from within your component. For instance, if all events within a component should be tracked with a given `label`, you can provide one at this time. Available defaults are `category`, `label`, `property`, and `value`. If no category is specified, `document.body.dataset.page` is used as the default.
You can then use the mixin normally in your component with the `mixin` Vue declaration. The mixin also provides the ability to specify tracking options in `data` or `computed`. These override any defaults and allow the values to be dynamic from props, or based on state.
The mixin provides a `track` method that can be called within the template, or from component methods. An example of the whole implementation might look like the following.
<a@click.prevent="track('click_action')">Track an event</a>
</div>
</div>
</template>
```
### Tracking in raw JavaScript
Custom event tracking and instrumentation can be added by directly calling the `Tracking.event` static function. The following example demonstrates tracking a click on a button by calling `Tracking.event` manually.
GitLab provides `Gitlab::Tracking`, an interface that wraps the [Snowplow Ruby Tracker](https://github.com/snowplow/snowplow/wiki/ruby-tracker) for tracking custom events.
Custom event tracking and instrumentation can be added by directly calling the `GitLab::Tracking.event` class method, which accepts the following arguments:
| `category` | string | 'application' | Area or aspect of the application. This could be `HealthCheckController` or `Lfs::FileTransformer` for instance. |
| `action` | string | 'generic' | The action being taken, which can be anything from a controller action like `create` to something like an Active Record callback. |
| `data` | object | {} | Additional data such as `label`, `property`, `value`, and `context` as described in [Instrumentation at GitLab](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-ops/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/#sts=Taxonomy). These are set as empty strings if you don't provide them. |
Tracking can be viewed as either tracking user behavior, or can be utilized for instrumentation to monitor and visualize performance over time in an area or aspect of code.
We use the [AsyncEmitter](https://github.com/snowplow/snowplow/wiki/Ruby-Tracker#52-the-asyncemitter-class) when tracking events, which allows for instrumentation calls to be run in a background thread. This is still an active area of development.
## Developing and testing Snowplow
There are several tools for developing and testing Snowplow Event
1. For frontend events, in the MR description section, add a screenshot of the event's relevant section using the [Snowplow Analytics Debugger](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/snowplow-analytics-debugg/jbnlcgeengmijcghameodeaenefieedm) Chrome browser extension.
1. For backend events, please use Snowplow Micro and add the output of the Snowplow Micro good events `GET http://localhost:9090/micro/good`.
Snowplow Inspector Chrome Extension is a browser extension for testing frontend events. This works on production, staging and local development environments.
1. Click around on a webpage with Snowplow and you should see JavaScript events firing in the inspector window.
### Snowplow Micro
Snowplow Micro is a very small version of a full Snowplow data collection pipeline: small enough that it can be launched by a test suite. Events can be recorded into Snowplow Micro just as they can a full Snowplow pipeline. Micro then exposes an API that can be queried.
Snowplow Micro is a Docker-based solution for testing frontend and backend events in a local development environment. You need to modify GDK using the instructions below to set this up.
