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< li > < a href = "#benchmark-tools" > Benchmark tools< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#results" > Results< / a >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "#native" > Native< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#browser" > Browser< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#firefox" > Firefox< / a > < / li >
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< h1 > PoW performance< / h1 >
< p > < small > Posted September 1, 2021 by < a class = "stretched-link position-relative" href = "/contributors/aravinth-manivannan/" > Aravinth Manivannan< / a > ‐ < strong > 2 min read< / strong > < / small > < p >
< p > < small > Last Edited September 1, 2021< / small > < p >
< / div >
< p class = "lead" > We are mCaptcha. We build kickass CAPTCHA systems that give (DDoS) attackers a run for their money. And we do all of this without tracking your users. Oh and did I mention our UX is great?< / p >
< p > mCaptcha uses a
< a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_work" > proof-of-work(PoW)< / a > mechanism
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to rate limit users or potential bots. In order for this to be
effective, the PoW should be configured properly. The difficulty
requirement can’ t be too high, as it could cause accessibility issues on
the client-side while at the same time, it shouldn’ t be too low, as it
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wouldn’ t offer proper protection against bots.< / p >
< p > Malicious bots(the ones that wreak havoc), run native code which is
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capable of running in a multi-threaded context. This creates an unfair
advantage for crackers using these bots over legitimate users, who
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usually use browsers to access a website.< / p >
< p > I wanted to see how much of an advantage a native program would have
over our WASM library.< / p >
< h2 id = "benchmark-tools" > Benchmark tools< / h2 >
< p > So I wrote these to compare native and WASM performances:< / p >
< ul >
< li > Browser benchmark: < a href = "https://mCaptcha.github.io/benches" > https://mCaptcha.github.io/benches< / a > < / li >
< li > Native benchmark: < a href = "https://github.com/mCaptcha/cli/blob/master/scripts/bench.sh" > mCaptcha/cli managed by scripts/bench.sh< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< div class = "alert alert-warning d-flex" role = "alert" >
< div class = "flex-shrink-1 alert-icon" > ⭐< / div >
< div class = "w-100" > Feel free to reproduce the results!< / div >
< / div >
< h2 id = "results" > Results< / h2 >
< p > The tests were run on my development machine featuring an Intel Core
i7-9750h.< / p >
< h3 id = "native" > Native< / h3 >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Difficulty< / th >
< th > Real< / th >
< th > User< / th >
< th > Sys< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > 500000< / td >
< td > 0m0.220s< / td >
< td > 0m0.197s< / td >
< td > 0m0.006s< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 1000000< / td >
< td > 0m0.203s< / td >
< td > 0m0.203s< / td >
< td > 0m0.000s< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 1500000< / td >
< td > 0m0.198s< / td >
< td > 0m0.198s< / td >
< td > 0m0.000s< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2000000< / td >
< td > 0m0.203s< / td >
< td > 0m0.203s< / td >
< td > 0m0.000s< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2500000< / td >
< td > 0m0.758s< / td >
< td > 0m0.752s< / td >
< td > 0m0.003s< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3000000< / td >
< td > 0m0.776s< / td >
< td > 0m0.769s< / td >
< td > 0m0.003s< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3500000< / td >
< td > 0m2.010s< / td >
< td > 0m1.998s< / td >
< td > 0m0.000s< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 4000000< / td >
< td > 0m2.038s< / td >
< td > 0m2.033s< / td >
< td > 0m0.003s< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 4500000< / td >
< td > 0m2.014s< / td >
< td > 0m2.013s< / td >
< td > 0m0.000s< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< h3 id = "browser" > Browser< / h3 >
< p > I ran the tests on both Firefox and Chromium to compare results< / p >
< h3 id = "firefox" > Firefox< / h3 >
< ul >
< li > < strong > User Agent:< / strong > < code > Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:91.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/91.0< / code > < / li >
< li > < strong > Hardware concurrency:< / strong > 12< / li >
< / ul >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Difficulty< / th >
< th > Duration(in ms)< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > 500000< / td >
< td > 401< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 1000000< / td >
< td > 413< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 1500000< / td >
< td > 398< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2000000< / td >
< td > 394< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2500000< / td >
< td > 1495< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3000000< / td >
< td > 1556< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3500000< / td >
< td > 3971< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 4000000< / td >
< td > 4235< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 4500000< / td >
< td > 4116< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< blockquote >
< p > To be fair, my Firefox installation is loaded with a gazillion
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extensions while the Chromium instance is clean, as I don’ t use it
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much< / p >
< / blockquote >
< h4 id = "chromium" > Chromium< / h4 >
< ul >
< li > < strong > User Agent:< / strong > < code > Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36< / code > < / li >
< li > < strong > Hardware concurrency:< / strong > 12< / li >
< / ul >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Difficulty< / th >
< th > Duration(in ms)< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > 500000< / td >
< td > 399.40000000037253< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 1000000< / td >
< td > 354.6000000014901< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 1500000< / td >
< td > 351.19999999925494< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2000000< / td >
< td > 353.80000000074506< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 2500000< / td >
< td > 1337.800000000745< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3000000< / td >
< td > 1311.199999999255< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 3500000< / td >
< td > 3417.5999999996275< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 4000000< / td >
< td > 3488.800000000745< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 4500000< / td >
< td > 3458.2999999988824< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< h2 id = "conclusion" > Conclusion< / h2 >
< p > At the highest difficulty factor, the native implementation was a almost second
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faster than the WASM library. But the fact that both of them were able
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to run to completion in under 5 seconds is impressive!< / p >
< p > So, in my opinion, native implementation is only slightly faster than
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the WASM library and for all intents and purposes, this shouldn’ t matter
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much.< / p >
< hr >
< p > P.S Work is underway to benchmark multiple platforms. A detailed report
will be published when that data is available.< / p >
< p > For this post, I asked some of my friends to run the tests on their
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computers. The results slightly varied but even the slowest case
generated proof for 4500000 difficulty(the highest in this test), in under
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15 seconds!< / p >
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